Anything and everything you need to know about NBCE Part IV Xray in Study Stack
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on it to display the answer.
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| OM for Cervical Oblique film | show 🗑
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| show | to see pars and facets
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| OM for PA ulnar deviation of wrist | show 🗑
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| OM for Cervical flex/ext | show 🗑
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| Adi space for children/adults | show 🗑
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| 20-30% of downs pts have | show 🗑
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| 5 things that can cause increased adi | show 🗑
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| show | a thin black line
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| 4 possible reasons atlas goes ant | show 🗑
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| 3 possible reasons atlas goes post | show 🗑
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| Hyperostosis, 2 akas | show 🗑
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| show | forrestier’s dx, ankylosing hyperostosis
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| DISH mc seen in what pop | show 🗑
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| DISH preserves | show 🗑
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| DISH has a correlation with what other disease | show 🗑
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| show | adjust them! Send to endocrinologist if have DM
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| show | AS
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| Non-marginal syndesmophytes | show 🗑
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| Conjunctivitis/uveitis, urethritis, arthritis | show 🗑
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| show | psoriatic arthritis
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| Hyperostosis with facet fusion | show 🗑
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| show | teardrop fx
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| show | c2
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| MOI for teardrop fx | show 🗑
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| show | teardrop
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| Think MOPIT | show 🗑
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| MOPIT | show 🗑
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| Radiolucent line at base of dens | show 🗑
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| If majority of dens is above occiput | show 🗑
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| Chamberlains line | show 🗑
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| show | from back of hard palate to base of occiput – dens should be no more than 8mm above in males, 10 in females
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| If dens is displaced, 2 possible reasons | show 🗑
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| Os Odontoideum akas (2) | show 🗑
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| show | stabilize neck and send to hospital asap
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| show | PFC- pagets, fx, congenital anomalies
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| Bone turns whiter | show 🗑
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| Bone turns darker | show 🗑
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| Blastic mets age | show 🗑
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| Pagets age | show 🗑
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| Ivory white vertebra in someone under 30 | show 🗑
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| show | blastic mets
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| show | hot/responsive
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| Picture frame vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | pagets
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| Subchondral sclerosis aka | show 🗑
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| Subchondral sclerosis seen in | show 🗑
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| Vacuum phenomenon | show 🗑
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| Destruction on both sides of joint | show 🗑
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| If post. Arch of atlas is absent thing 3 things | show 🗑
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| #1 ddx for fracture is | show 🗑
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| show | alordotic
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| Reverse curve c/s | show 🗑
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| Decrease in posterior body height | show 🗑
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| Only dx malignancy with decrease in post body height if | show 🗑
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| show | osteoporosis
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| show | osteoporosis
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| V shaped defects in vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | there is decreased post body height
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| <10% slippage of one vertebra on another with facets stil in line | show 🗑
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| show | george’s line
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| show | dislocation
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| show | immediate surgical referral
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| show | facet dislocation
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| 4 ligs must be torn for fanning of spinouses to occur | show 🗑
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| show | ra, trauma
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| If facets are destroyed ddx | show 🗑
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| If facets are fused ddx | show 🗑
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| show | facet arthrosis
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| show | spina bifida occulta
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| show | spondyloschisis
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| If SPs are absent 3 possible reasons why | show 🗑
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| Spinous fx in c/s | show 🗑
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| Mc location for clay shovelers | show 🗑
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| show | hyperFLEXION
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| Calcification of posterior atlanto-occipital lig | show 🗑
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| show | pons posticus, ponticus posticus
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| show | arcuate foramen
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| Arcuate foramen transmits | show 🗑
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| Posterior ponticle vs clay shoveler’s fx, most clinically significant | show 🗑
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| show | VBAI
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| show | at c4 no more than 7mm
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| show | at c6 no more than 20mm
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| Causes of c/s soft tissue swelling | show 🗑
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| show | congenital block
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| show | usually mach lines
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| vertical radiolucency through vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | assoc w/discogenic spondylosis, ind-uncinate arthrosis
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| show | c/s flexion
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| show | extension
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| c/s film jaw angled down | show 🗑
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| show | klippefeil syndrome
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| low hair line, short webbed neck, dec. c/s rom | show 🗑
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| show | sprengles deformity
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| Unilateral non-descent of the scapula | show 🗑
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| Calcification of rhomboid musculature | show 🗑
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| Omovertebral bone associated with | show 🗑
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| show | bil. Shoulder shot
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| show | arthrodesis
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| Fusion due to pathology | show 🗑
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| show | starts in SI T/L jctn then fuses up and down the spine (so always affects lower c/s before upper
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| show | to view dens and arches of atlas
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| Smiling arch of atlas | show 🗑
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| Frowning arch of atlas | show 🗑
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| Mach lines seen in APOM | show 🗑
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| Thin radiolucent line through base of dens | show 🗑
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| show | OO
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| show | type 1 dens fx
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| Dens fracture through the base of the dens | show 🗑
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| show | type 3 dens fx
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| MC dens fracture | show 🗑
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| Most unstable/severe dens fracture | show 🗑
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| show | Jefferson burst fx
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| Overhang of lateral mass of c1 on c2 on one side with equal shift on opposite side | show 🗑
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| show | Jefferson burst fx
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| Bilateral overhang of lateral masses on c2 | show 🗑
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| show | vertical blow to top of head
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| Biggest thing affecting TPs of atlas | show 🗑
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| Congenital anomalies of TPs of atlas | show 🗑
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| show | lymph node calcification
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| Big, thick diamond-shaped radiolucency above the base of the dens | show 🗑
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| DDX Os terminale with | show 🗑
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| show | non-union dens, ununited dens
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| show | T1
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| C7 TP extending PAST TP of T1 | show 🗑
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| show | neurovascular compression syndrome
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| TP fx MC | show 🗑
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| Mc thing affecting uncinates | show 🗑
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| show | vertical, like the ears on batman’s helmet
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| Flattening or laterality of uncinates | show 🗑
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| show | uncinate arthrosis
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| Never see spina bifida at what level | show 🗑
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| show | hyperflexion
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| show | clay shoveler’s fx
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| show | follow up with chest film. Can only dx deviation on APLC, but why is it deviated?
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| V shaped opacity in ST in APLC | show 🗑
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| Mc area for carotid arteries to calcify | show 🗑
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| show | could be Carotid artery calcification or lymph node calcification
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| show | carotid artery calcification
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| Multiple round white densities scattered (not in a vert. line) on APLC | show 🗑
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| Follow up for lymph node calcification | show 🗑
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| show | C2/C3
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| show | and border: bodies and uncinates, sup/inf border: pedicles, post border: facets
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| Hourglass IVF | show 🗑
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| show | lytic mets of pedicle (very rare), agenesis of pedicle, neurofibroma
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| Expansile tumor of nerve root | show 🗑
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| show | neurofibroma
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| show | surgery
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| Multiple neurofibromas | show 🗑
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| show | Von Reklinghausens dx
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| Café au lait spots with smooth borders | show 🗑
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| show | on abdomen, coast of maine (jagged) or California (smooth)
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| Café au lait spots with jagged borders | show 🗑
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| Hyperostosis of 4 or more segments | show 🗑
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| show | MM
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| Loss of anterior body height in TS by 15% but no endplate irregularities | show 🗑
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| show | infection
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| show | scheurmann’s dx
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| Severe scheurmanns dx causes | show 🗑
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| Scheurmann’s Dx AOO | show 🗑
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| show | Scheurmann’s DX
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| show | trauma
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| show | early DJD
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| Best modality for seeing AVN | show 🗑
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| show | refer to ortho surgeon for bracing.
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| Impression on anterior half of vertebra – borders jagged and irregular | show 🗑
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| show | nuclear impression
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| show | nuclear impression
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| show | Scheurmann’s Dx
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| DDX Hyperparathyroidism with | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperparathyrodism
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| show | osteopetrosis
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| Metabolic dx commonly assoc. with brown’s tumor | show 🗑
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| Bone within bone | show 🗑
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| Albers Schanbergs Dx | show 🗑
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| Sandwich vertebra | show 🗑
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| Sclerosis along sup and inf aspect of vert from ant to post | show 🗑
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| Sclerosis along sup and inf asp of vert, post- curves off on ant aspect | show 🗑
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| show | pagets
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| show | fx
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| Displacement of LS pedicle | show 🗑
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| Pars fx with no anterior slippage | show 🗑
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| show | myelogram
🗑
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| show | Abdominal Aorta
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| show | ½ - ¾
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| show | Aneurysm
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| Curvilinear calcification in LS ST | show 🗑
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| show | CT with Contrast is best, Transverse diagnostic US most cost effective
🗑
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| Aneurysm present if AA is greater than | show 🗑
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| show | 5cm
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| show | hypovolemic shock, tearing pn over abdomen, sudden onset of severe LBP that is deep and boring
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| Limbus bone | show 🗑
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| Bony fragment on anterior aspect of vert body with no displacement | show 🗑
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| Bony fragment on ant aspect of vert body with displacement | show 🗑
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| For AS, every segment affected must be affected | show 🗑
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| Spondylo that is usually a congenital anomaly causing ant. Slippage | show 🗑
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| show | (II) isthmic
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| show | (III) degenerative
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| Spondylo usually caused by a pedicle fx | show 🗑
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| Spondylo caused by lytic mets, mm, pagets | show 🗑
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| show | spondylo (at least grade 3) on AP film
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| AKAs for inverted napoleon hat sign | show 🗑
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| show | I:1-25%, II: 26-50%, III: 51-75%, IV: 76-100%, V: >100%
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| If L5 has slipped >100% and dropped down it is referred to as | show 🗑
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| Spurring at anterior superior aspect of the sacrum | show 🗑
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| Buttressing phenomenon is an excellent sign of | show 🗑
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| show | facet imbrications
🗑
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| show | AS
🗑
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| Bilateral symmetrical whitening of the iliac side of SI jt. DDX | show 🗑
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| Bilateral symmetrical whitening of iliac side of SI jt and inferior portion of sacral side of SI jt. | show 🗑
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| Bilateral symmetrical whitening of iliac side of SI jt and sacral side of SI jt not affected. | show 🗑
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| Management of OCI | show 🗑
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| show | OCI
🗑
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| show | OCI
🗑
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| Alteration of shape of ilium | show 🗑
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| Alteration of color of ilium | show 🗑
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| Line drawn across top of iliac crest should bisect | show 🗑
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| Last set of ribs that point down | show 🗑
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| show | spatulated TP
🗑
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| show | PFCF- pagets, fracture, congenital anomaly, fibrous dysplasia
🗑
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| Mc benign tumor of the sacrum | show 🗑
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| show | spina bifida
🗑
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| U shaped radiolucency in sacrum | show 🗑
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| show | facet tropism
🗑
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| show | bilateral sagittal facets
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| show | hemangioma
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| show | a crushed vertebra
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| Ddx for crushed vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | missing pedicle
🗑
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| show | agenesis of pedicle
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| Winking owl sign, pedicle that is present looks the same when compared to others surrounding | show 🗑
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| Crushed vertebra with no signs of trauma or infection, no involvement of pedicles | show 🗑
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| MM only affects areas with | show 🗑
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| show | cold
🗑
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| show | mm
🗑
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| Labs for MM | show 🗑
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| show | stack of coins appearance- on blood smear RBCs stacked up against each other
🗑
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| show | a bony callous (appears as a cloud of white density surrounding bone.
🗑
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| Cheerio sign ddx | show 🗑
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| show | size. If “cheerio” is smaller than L2: renal artery calcification, if larger than L2: renal artery aneurysm. (if spans 3+ vertebra: AAA)
🗑
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| If you see Abdominal Aorta on AP film | show 🗑
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| show | 10% of the time- black center outlined in white.
🗑
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| show | at L1-L2 area straight above the top of the iliac crest and only on the right
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| show | 90% of the time
🗑
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| show | L1-L3 area unilateral or bilateral close to spine
🗑
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| show | by location renal artery calcification much closer to the spine.
🗑
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| show | staghorn calculus (can see outline of renal calyces)
🗑
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| Ddx from renal contrast study by | show 🗑
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| ST in pelvic inlet with big and small round white densities | show 🗑
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| Appears to be DJD of symphysis pubis | show 🗑
|
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| show | prostate surgery
🗑
|
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| show | child birth
🗑
|
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| First sign of AS | show 🗑
|
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| Romanus lesion | show 🗑
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| Shiny corner sign | show 🗑
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| Bamboo spine | show 🗑
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| show | AS, calcification of the capsular ligs
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| show | AS, connects all SPs together by calcifying the supraspinous and interspinous ligs
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| Star sign | show 🗑
|
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| Ghost Joint | show 🗑
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| Failure of ossification of center of vertebra | show 🗑
|
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| Failure of segmentation of vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | remnant/rudimentary/hypoplastic/vestigial disc
🗑
|
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| show | knife clasp deformity
🗑
|
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| show | there are no meninges this far down only sacral nerves
🗑
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| show | 1: knife clasp deformity, 2: lumbosacral transitional seg, 3: facet tropism, 4: spina bifida of L5 or S1, 5: hypertrophic enlarged TP of L5
🗑
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| Best DDX in pelvis is | show 🗑
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| Thin black line in area of growth center pt age | show 🗑
|
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| show | 20-30
🗑
|
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| No lines in area of growth center, no signs of DJD pt age | show 🗑
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| show | >40
🗑
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| Dx affecting pelvis/hip of young pts | show 🗑
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| Dx affecting pelvis/hip of older pts | show 🗑
|
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| Dx affecting pelvis/hip of both young and older pts | show 🗑
|
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| 3 conditions affect lower SI jts | show 🗑
|
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| show | congenital hip dysplasia
🗑
|
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| Putti’s triad consists of | show 🗑
|
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| Ortho test for congenital hip dysplasia | show 🗑
|
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| show | refer to orthopedic surgeon, application of A-brace aka flexion-abduction brace
🗑
|
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| Normal femur head, normal acetabulum, femur head outside of acetabulum | show 🗑
|
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| 90° angle below symphysis pubis | show 🗑
|
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| 140-150° angle below symphysis pubis | show 🗑
|
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| show | female
🗑
|
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| Upside down martini glass | show 🗑
|
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| Upside down margarita glass | show 🗑
|
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| Sup-lat jt space preserved in hip, sclerosis only femur head side | show 🗑
|
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| show | DJD
🗑
|
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| Malum coxae synilis | show 🗑
|
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| 5 things to look for in ST of Pelvic Inlet | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | uterine fibroid
🗑
|
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| Round stippled white density sitting on symphysis pubis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ureter stones
🗑
|
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| show | phleboliths
🗑
|
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| show | bladder stones
🗑
|
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| Anytime bone appears whiter than surrounding bones (other than prox femur and carpal bones) assume | show 🗑
|
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| Bilateral ischial AND Bilateral pubis fractures | show 🗑
|
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| Line drawn along the inner portion of the pelvic inlet and the outer obturator | show 🗑
|
||||
| + kohlers line if | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bilateral protrusion acetabuli | show 🗑
|
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