Vocabulary & Definitions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop up window on the internet | Adware
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| Program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches a user’s inbox | Anti-spam programs
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| Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, storage media, or incoming files | Antivirus program
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| Basic input/output system | BIOS
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| Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely | Cold boot
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| Type of user interface in which a user types commands or special keys on the keyboard to enter data or instructions | Command-line interface
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| A computer file that has been reduced in size by a compression software program. | Compressed files/zipped
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| A software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer | Computer virus
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| Program that runs on multiple operating systems | Cross platform
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| Reorganizing a disk so that the files are stored in contiguous sectors, thus speeding up disk access and the performance of the entire computer | Defragmenting
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| Compiles technical information about a computer’s hardware and certain system software programs and then prepares a report outlining any identified problems | Diagnostic utility
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| Reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster | Disk defragmenter
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| Searches for and removes unnecessary files | Disk scanner
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| Disk operating system | DOS
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| Tells an operating system how to communicate with a specific device | Driver
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| Process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access | Encryption/decryption
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| Computer that has to duplicate components so it can continue to operate when one of | Fault tolerant computer (define & ex)
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| Performs functions related to file management | File manager
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| Programs that remove or block certain things from being displayed on the internet | Filters
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| Specific named location on a storage medium that contains related documents | Folder
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| allows a user to interact with software using text, graphics, and visual images, such as icons | Graphical user interface (GUI)
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| Core of an operating system that manages memory and devices, maintains the computer’s clock, starts programs, and assigns the computer’s resources | Kernel
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| Short for, malicious software programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer’s operations. | Malware
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| Remaining in memory while a computer is running | Memory resident
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| Employee who configures, installs, and maintains LANs, WANs, intranets, and internet systems | Network administrator
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| Instructions that remain on a hard disk until they are needed | Nonresident
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| Set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices. | Operating system
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| Private combination of characters associated with a username that allows access to certain computer resources. | Password
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| Operating system program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices. | Performance monitor
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| Scam in which a perpetrator sends an official e-mail that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information. | Phishing
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| Set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware | Platform
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| Filtering program that stops pop-up ads from displaying on web pages. | Pop-up blocker
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| Utility program that causes display devices screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no mouse activity occurs for a specific time | Screem saver
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| Icon on desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or file | Shortcut
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| In reference to an operating system allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time | Single user
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| Program placed on a computers without the users knowledge that secretly collects information about the user | Spyware
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| Software that serves as the interface between the user, the application software and the computer’s hardware. | System software
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| Malicious logic program named after the Greek myth that hides within or looks like a legitimate program | Trojan horse
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| The portion of software that defines how a user interacts with a computer, including how the user enters the data and instructions and how information is on the screen. | User interface
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| Unique combination of characters such as letters or numbers that identifies a user | User name
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| Type of system software that allows a user to perform a maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer its devices or its programs | Utility program
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| A portion of the storage medium, usually the hard disk, that the operating system allocates to function as additional RAM | Virtual memory
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| Process of using the operating system to restart a computer | Warm boot
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| Malicious-logic program that copies itself repeatedly, using up | Worm
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