Questions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is Mutation? | ANY alteration in the BASE SEQUENCE
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| Where do Mutations most often occur? | during DNA Replication
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| How do Mutations happen? | faulty DNA Replication --> faulty Transcription --> altered mRNA --> altered Translation --> different "nonsense" Protein
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| What are the possible effects of Mutations? | None, Adverse, Positive
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| What are the 2 subcategories of Mutations? | 1. Chromosome Mutations; 2. Gene Mutations
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| What is Chromosome Mutation? | MISSING or EXTRA portions of Chromosomes
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| What are the subtypes of Gene Mutations? | Substitutions, Insertions, Deletions
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| What are the 2 types of causes of Mutations? | Spontaneous or Environmental: Physical, Chemical, Biological
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| What are some examples of Chemical, Physical, and Biological Mutagens? | Chemical: lead, mercury, aspestos, cigarettes; Physical: x-rays, radon, sun; Biological: virus, STDs
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| What are the 2 subcategories of Mutations based upon location? | Somatic, Sexual
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| What is a Somatic Mutation? | affecting GENERAL Body Cells
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| What are the Genes which control Mitosis? | Tumor-Supressor Genes, Proto-Oncogenes
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| What are Tumor-Supressor Genes? | code for Proteins which RESTRAIN Mitosis
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| What are Proto-Oncogenes? | code for Protein GROWTH FACTORS which STIMULATE Mitosis
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| What causes Cancerous Tumors? | damage to BOTH Tumor-Supressor and Proto-Oncogenes
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| What are 2 characteristics of Somatic Mutations? | NOT PASSED to next generation, may damage Genes which control Mitosis - COMMON
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| What are the subtypes of Gene Mutations? | Substitutions, Insertions, Deletions
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| How do Sexual Mutations affect people? | PASSED to offspring --> Birth Defects - RARE
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| What do Sexual Mutations affect? | Sperm, Ova
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| Which Gene controls the RATE of Mitosis? | RATE of Mitosis determined by 2 large sets of Genes - Tumor-Supressing & Proto-Onco
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Created by:
Kristel
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