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chapter 4 tissue

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show Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters. Skin surface (epidermis)  
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show Supports, protects, binds other tissues together  
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show Contracts to cause movement  
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Nervous   show
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Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue   show
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Apical surface (epithelial)   show
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show surface binds directly to other cells through desmosomes, tight junctions, or gap junctions  
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basal surface (epithelial)   show
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show 1. Cells are tightly packed and attached by cell junctions (tight junctions and desmosomes) 2 Epithelial tissue is avascular (lacks circulatory system) 3 Is supported by connective tissue reticular lamina (under basal lamina)  
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show 4 Nerves only send projections into tissue 5 Covers the surfaces of the body (internal and external) 6 Has a high rate of regeneration  
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show Keep substances from passing between cells Line Simple Epithelia Columnar Epithelia in the Intestine  
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Gap Junctions   show
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show Mechanical protein links which bind cells together in tissues subject to considerable stretching Found in skin, heart, muscle, and uterus  
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show Mechanical protein links which bind cells to the basement membrane in most tissue  
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Adherance Junctions   show
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show The cells are much wider than they are tall.  
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show The cells are much taller than they are wide  
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Cuboidal   show
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show Location:-Lung Alveoli(endothelium)(gas exchange)-Blood/lymphatic (endothelium) vessels-Heart (endothelium)-Serous membranes in ventral body cavity (mesothelium) Function:Allows diffusion and filtration of material where protection is not important  
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show Location:Tubules of kidneys,Pancreas,Thyroid, Small glands,Ovary Function:Secretion,Absorption  
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Simple Columnar Epithelial Cells   show
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Stratified Squamous Epithelial Cells   show
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Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Cells   show
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Transitional Epithelial Cells   show
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show A gland is one or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid Classified by:Site of product release—endocrine or exocrine -Relative number of cells forming the gland; unicellular (goblet cells) or multicellular  
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show Endocrine glands Exocrine glands Unicellular exocrine glands Multicellular exocrine glands  
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show Ductless glands Secrete hormones that travel through lymph or blood to target organs  
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show More numerous than endocrine glands Secrete products into ducts Secretions released onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities Examples include mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands  
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Types of Exocrine Glands   show
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show Merocrine-Products are secreted by exocytosis(pancreas,sweat and salivary glands) Holocrine-Products are secreted by rupture of gland cells(sebaceous glands)  
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show Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue,Loose (Reticular) Connective Tissue,Adipose Tissue,Dense Connective Tissue(Regular Irregular),Cartilage,Bone,Blood  
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Connective Tissue Functions and Locations   show
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Embryonic (connective tissue)   show
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show -Fibroblasts in connective tissue proper -Chondroblasts and chondrocytes in cartilage -Osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone (blast-builds something) (cytes-maintain surrounding tissue)  
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Protein Fibers of the Matrix (Connective Tissue)   show
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Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue   show
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show Found in lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow) Supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages. Fibers in a loose ground substance.  
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show Dense Collagenous Tissue (regular/irregular) -Found in Tendons Dense Elastic Tissue (regular) -Found in Blood Vessel Walls  
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Adipose tissue   show
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show Irregularly arranged collagen fibers. Function Can withstand tension in many different directions.Provides structural strength. Location:Dermis of the skin,Fibrous capsules of organs and joints,Submucosa of digestive tract.  
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show -Fibroblasts secrete collagen, all fibers parallel -Found in Tendons, Ligaments, Dermis of the Skin -High proportion of Collagen fibers -Withstands great stress in one direction  
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show -Fibroblasts secrete collagen, all fibers parallel -Vocal cords, Blood Vessel Walls, Bronchial tubes -High proportion of Elastic fibers -Allows recoil of tissue following stretching  
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show -Composed of Cells Called Chondrocytes. -Chondrocytes secrete dense, evenly dispersed collagen fibers. -Chondrocytes sit in spaces called Lacunae -Provides Flexibility, Strength, and Support  
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Hyalin Cartilage (most abundant)   show
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Elastic Cartilage   show
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Fibrocartilage   show
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show -Hard, calcified matrix, with a lot of collagen fibers -Osteocytes lie in lacunae Function:Support/protection -Stores calcium, minerals, and fat -Blood cell formation  
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Blood (connective tissue)   show
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show -Neurons are branching cells -Function:Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors -Transmit electrical signals to effectors (muscles and glands) -Location:Brain,Spinal cord,Nerves  
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Skeletal muscle (muscle tissue)   show
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show Striated, intercalated disks, single nucleolus in each cell,involuntary  
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Smooth muscle (muscle tissue)   show
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