chapter 4 tissue
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| show | Forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters.
Skin surface (epidermis)
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| show | Supports, protects, binds other tissues together
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| Muscle | show 🗑
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| Nervous | show 🗑
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| Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue | show 🗑
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| show | surfaces may bear microvilli.(brush border of intestinal lining) or cilia (lining of trachea)surface is toward a lumen (open space)
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| show | surface binds directly to other cells through desmosomes, tight junctions, or gap junctions
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| basal surface (epithelial) | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Cells are tightly packed and attached by cell junctions (tight junctions and desmosomes)
2 Epithelial tissue is avascular (lacks circulatory system)
3 Is supported by connective tissue reticular lamina (under basal lamina)
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| show | 4 Nerves only send projections into tissue
5 Covers the surfaces of the body (internal and external)
6 Has a high rate of regeneration
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| show | Keep substances from passing between cells
Line Simple Epithelia
Columnar Epithelia in the Intestine
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| show | Allow small molecules and ions to pass through to adjacent cells.Found in most epithelial cells (Nerve and Cardiac cells).
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| Desmosomes | show 🗑
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| Hemidesmosomes | show 🗑
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| Adherance Junctions | show 🗑
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| Squamous cell | show 🗑
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| Columnar | show 🗑
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| Cuboidal | show 🗑
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| Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells | show 🗑
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| show | Location:Tubules of kidneys,Pancreas,Thyroid,
Small glands,Ovary
Function:Secretion,Absorption
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| Simple Columnar Epithelial Cells | show 🗑
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| Stratified Squamous Epithelial Cells | show 🗑
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| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Cells | show 🗑
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| show | Location:-Urinary bladder-Ureters-Urethra
Function:-Stretches readily and permits distention(cells change shape)
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| show | A gland is one or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous fluid
Classified by:Site of product release—endocrine or exocrine
-Relative number of cells forming the gland; unicellular (goblet cells) or multicellular
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| Glandular Epithelia (types) | show 🗑
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| Endocrine glands | show 🗑
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| Exocrine glands | show 🗑
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| show | Unicellular exocrine glands-Goblet cell (found in respiratory tract)
Multicellular exocrine glands-Are composed of a duct and a secretory unit
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| show | Merocrine-Products are secreted by exocytosis(pancreas,sweat and salivary glands)
Holocrine-Products are secreted by rupture of gland cells(sebaceous glands)
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| show | Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue,Loose (Reticular) Connective Tissue,Adipose Tissue,Dense Connective Tissue(Regular
Irregular),Cartilage,Bone,Blood
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| show | Tendons – Binds tissues together
Dermis of Skin, Membranes -Supports and strengthens other tissues
Skeleton - Protection of vital organs
Blood - Transport
Fat – Insulation and Energy Storage
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| show | Mesenchyme-Gives rise to all other connective tissues.Gel-like ground substance with fibers and star-shaped mesenchymal cells
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| show | -Fibroblasts in connective tissue proper
-Chondroblasts and chondrocytes in cartilage
-Osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone
(blast-builds something)
(cytes-maintain surrounding tissue)
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| show | Collagen
Reticular
Elastic Fibers
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| show | Consists of Elastic Fibers and Collagen Fibers.
Widely distributed, under skin, digestive tract, surround organs/capillaries.
Fibroblasts, Macrophages, Mast cells
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| show | Found in lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow)
Supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages.
Fibers in a loose ground substance.
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| Dense Connective Tissue | show 🗑
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| show | Some reticular fibers, adipocytes store fat Widely distributed in the body
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| show | Irregularly arranged collagen fibers.
Function
Can withstand tension in many different directions.Provides structural strength.
Location:Dermis of the skin,Fibrous capsules of organs and joints,Submucosa of digestive tract.
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| show | -Fibroblasts secrete collagen, all fibers parallel
-Found in Tendons, Ligaments, Dermis of the Skin
-High proportion of Collagen fibers
-Withstands great stress in one direction
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| show | -Fibroblasts secrete collagen, all fibers parallel
-Vocal cords, Blood Vessel Walls, Bronchial tubes
-High proportion of Elastic fibers
-Allows recoil of tissue following stretching
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| Characteristics of Cartilage | show 🗑
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| Hyalin Cartilage (most abundant) | show 🗑
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| show | -More elastic fibers in the matrix
-Ear, nose and epiglottis
-Can recoil when bent
-Maintains shape and flexibility
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| Fibrocartilage | show 🗑
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| Bone (connective tissue) | show 🗑
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| Blood (connective tissue) | show 🗑
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| Nervous Tissue | show 🗑
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| show | -Striated, long cells, multinucleated
-Muscles that voluntarily move the skeleton
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| Cardiac muscle (muscle tissue) | show 🗑
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| show | No striations, involuntary
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