MLT 2.2Hematological Cell Identification 07010
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Cell | Smallest unit of a living structure capable of independence existence
🗑
|
||||
| Plasma Membrane | Outer limit, boundary, maintains integrity of interior cell; Contains pore for substance transport
🗑
|
||||
| 3 layers of Plasma Membrane | 1. protein; 1. Phospholipid; 3. Protein
🗑
|
||||
| Cytoplasm | Material inside plasma membrane; Contains organelles
🗑
|
||||
| Mitochondrion | "Powerhouse"; Cellular respiration and energy requirement happens here; Site of protoporphyin production (Hem synthesis); contains cristae
🗑
|
||||
| Golgi Apparatus | Granule production for granulocytes and monocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Lysosome | Relaeses hydrolytic enzymes; Ammo for WBC to kill or destroy bacteria during phagocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| Endoplasmic Recticulum | SMOOTH - no ribosomes; Produces lipids ROUGH - Has ribososomes (protein synthesis)
🗑
|
||||
| Ribososomes | Made of RNA and granules of Ribonucleoprotein; Site of protein synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| Nucleus | Round in normal, mature cells; Made of DNA; Pores for transport ; "Brain" or "Control Center"
🗑
|
||||
| Nucleolus | in Immature cells there may be more than one; Site of Ribonucleoprotein synthesis (RNA); found in immature cells
🗑
|
||||
| Red Blood Cells | aka "Erythrocytes"; Contains hgb- carries O2 and CO2; Biconcaved; Central Pallor- indentation in RBC
🗑
|
||||
| White Blood Cells | aka "Leukocytes"; Defends against ( foreign substances, Microorganisms, Parasites)
🗑
|
||||
| 5 types of WBC's | 1. Neutrophil, 2. Basophil, 3. Eosinophil, 4. Lymphocytes, 5. Monocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Granulocytes | Neutrophils, Basophils, eosinophils
🗑
|
||||
| Platelets | Thrombocytes- Cytoplasmic fragments of Megakaryocytes; Stops bleeding
🗑
|
||||
| Hematopoiesis | Proliferation, differation and maturation of blood cells; Hemato= blood, poiesis = formation
🗑
|
||||
| 3 stages of hematopoiesis | 1. In the fetus; 2. At birth; 3. As an adult
🗑
|
||||
| Hematopoiesis occurs in the: | Yolk Sac, Liver, Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes
🗑
|
||||
| Hematopoiesis during fetal development | 2nd week- Primitive RBC's, 2nd Month- Granulocytes and Megakaryocytes, 4th Month- Lymphocytes, 5th Month - Monocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Hematopoiesis in Adults (18 and older) | Confined to flat bones, and the proximal ends of long bones (Femur, Humerus)
🗑
|
||||
| Pluripotential Stem cell | Gives rise to 2 basic Stem Cells; 1. Lymphoid Stem Cell, 2. Myeloid Stem Cell
🗑
|
||||
| Lymphoid Stem Cells | Gives rise to : T Lympohcytes and B Lymphocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Myeloid Stem Cell | Give rise to: Erythrocytes, Granulocytes, Megakaryocytes, Monocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Cell Maturation | Several stages of development; Each stage characterized by changes in: NUCLEUS, CYTOPLASM, CELL SIZE
🗑
|
||||
| Immature Nucleus | 1. N/C (4:1); 2. Usually oval or round; 3. Chromatin fine and delicate; 4. Stains reddish purple; 5. Usually 1 or more nucleoli
🗑
|
||||
| Mature Nucleus | 1. Smaller; 2. N/C low; 3. Chromatin coarse and clumped; 4. Stains blue-purple; 5. Nucleoli usually disappear; 6. Usually lobed
🗑
|
||||
| Immature Cytoplasm | 1. Scanty, high amounts of RNA; 2. Dark blue; 3. Very few to no granules; 4. Granules azurophilic (reddish purple), primary or non-specific)
🗑
|
||||
| Mature Cytoplasm | 1. Amount usually increases; 2. Gradual loss of RNA; 3. Less blue; 4. Specicfic or secondary granules appear
🗑
|
||||
| Immature cell size | Usually large 10-20 um
🗑
|
||||
| Mature Cell Size | Usuall smaller than immature cells
🗑
|
||||
| Criteria for cell ID ( cell size) | Helps identify the stage of development; Classification- Large, Medium, or Small
🗑
|
||||
| Criteria for cell ID (nucleus) | Shape; Relative size; Chromatin pattern; Presence of nucleoli
🗑
|
||||
| Criteria for cell ID ( cytoplasm) | Granular vs. Non-granular; Specific or Non-specific granules; Color; Relative amount
🗑
|
||||
| Granulopoiesis | Production of granulocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Granulocytes originates in: | Bone Marrow form pluripotential stem cell (Colony Forming Unit- Granulocyte-Monocyte; CFU-GM)
🗑
|
||||
| Growth factors for CFU-GM | Granulocyte-Monocyte colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF); interleukin 3
🗑
|
||||
| 3 types of Granulocytes (B. E. N.) | Basophils; Eosinophils; Neutrophils
🗑
|
||||
| 6 Stages of differentation of Granulocytes | 1. Myeloblast; 2. Promyelocyte; 3. Myelocyte; 4. Metamyelocyte; 5. Band/Stab; 6. Segmented
🗑
|
||||
| Myeloblast | 10-20 um; small basophilic cytoplasm; Nucleus round and reddish purple with fine and delicate chromatin. Nucleus also has 1-3 nucleoli
🗑
|
||||
| Promyelocyte | 10-20 um; Cytoplasm has azurophilic granules; non-specific or Primary granules; Nucleus round, light reddish blue with 1-2 nucleoli; N/C 3:1
🗑
|
||||
| what is the Last stage granulocyte differentation capable of cell division | Myelocyte
🗑
|
||||
| Myelocyte | 10-18 um; cytoplasm has specifec or secondary granules; Nucleus round or oval with no nucleoli, and is reddish blue with coarse chromatin
🗑
|
||||
| Basophil Myelocyte | Violet blue specific granules; few but coarse; not uniform in size
🗑
|
||||
| Eosinophilic Myelocyte | specific granules reddish orange; large; uniform in size
🗑
|
||||
| Neutrophil myelocyte | specific granules are pinkish and very fine; "Dawn of neutrophilia"
🗑
|
||||
| Metamyelocyte | 10-18 um; Cytoplasm is moderate with increased number of specific granules; nucleus kidney shaped or indented with clumped chromatin; N/C 1:1
🗑
|
||||
| Band/Stab | 10-16 um; Cytoplasm same as Metamyelocyte; Nucleus rod or band shaped with clumped coarses chromatin; N/C 1:1
🗑
|
||||
| Segmented | 10-16 um; cytoplasm abundant with full compliment of specific granules; Nucleus 2-5 lobes connected by filament; chromatin coarse and clumped
🗑
|
||||
| Most frequently occuring cell in peripheral blood | Neutrophil
🗑
|
||||
| Regulation of Neutrophil | Cells sequestered by RE system( Reticulum cells of spleen, Kupffer's Cells of liver
🗑
|
||||
| Main function of Neutrophil | Phagocytosis (also capable of pinocytosis)
🗑
|
||||
| Phase 1 of Phagocytosis | Migration and Diapeddesis (Neutrophils move into tissues thru narrow junctions between endothelial cells of blood vessels)
🗑
|
||||
| Phase 2 of Phagocytosis | Opsonization and Recognition; Marking and recognizing bacteria and foreign bodies for ingestion)
🗑
|
||||
| Substances used in opsonization | Antibodies and Complements
🗑
|
||||
| Opsonins | Bacteria marked by Ab or complement
🗑
|
||||
| Phase 3 of Phagocytosis | Ingestion, Killing and Digestion
🗑
|
||||
| Ingestion | Neutrophil invaginates around opsonin; Opsonin engulfed to form a phagosome (phagocytic Vacuole)
🗑
|
||||
| Killing and Digestion | Lysosomes fuse with Phagosomes to form Phagolysomes; Enzymes from granules emptied into Phagolysomes (degranulation); Enzymes kill and digest bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| which granulocyte is primarily in tissues exposed to the environment | Eosinophils (in lungs nasal membrane and GI tract)
🗑
|
||||
| Life span of eosinophil | 12 days
🗑
|
||||
| Function of Eosinophil | Allergic reactions; Fights Parasites
🗑
|
||||
| Physiology of eosinophils | Granules contain Histaminase, which inactivate histamine; Attaches to parasites and release toxic substances into parasite; Capable of phagocytosis of antigen antibody complex
🗑
|
||||
| Eosinophil | Nucleus usually has 2 lobes with coarse and clumped chromati; Cytoplasm is reddish orange (specific granules); granules distinct and even in size
🗑
|
||||
| Basophil | 10-16 um; Cytoplasm slightly pink to corlorless with dark violet specific granules; granules are uneven and very in size; Nucleus has 2-4 lobes and is deep blue purple wiht coarse granular chromatin
🗑
|
||||
| Mast cell | Basophils in tissue, such as connective tissue, mucosal areas of serous membrane and bone marrow
🗑
|
||||
| Physiology of Basophil | Functions with eosinophils in immediates delayed hypersensitivity reactions ( Ige binds to surface receptors, reacts with specific antigens; Degranulation occurs, Enzymes [heparin and histamine] released in area)
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Nsikanete
Popular Laboratory Science sets