BIO TAG - Ecology, DNA and DNA Experiments Quiz
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| show | viruses. actually seen with a microscope in 1942
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| show | characteristics passed on to next generation by DNA
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| Who was Frederick Griffith? What did he do? Why important? | show 🗑
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| show | Knew chromosomes consisted of DNA and proteins. Knew proteins had 20 types of building blocks (amino acids) and DNA 4 building blocks (nucleotides). Thought proteins were TRANSFORMING factor. WRONG about that.
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| show | 1952. American. Radioactively tagged the DNA and the protein. Found the DNA was the genetic material.
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| show | Viruses. "Bacteria- eaters" The fact that they inject just DNA into the target bacteria is DNA was the genetic heredity material.
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| Write the parts of Hershey and Chases's experiment | show 🗑
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| Give brief conclusion of what you have gathered in reading of DNA experiments. | show 🗑
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| What kinds of bonds does DNA make? | show 🗑
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| show | ability to store genetic information, copy it, pass it from generation to generation
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| show | N, C, H, O, P atoms. In molecules: phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous bases A, G, T, C.
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| What is RNA made of? | show 🗑
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| show | a monomer of nucleic acid made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
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| show | nucleotide
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| show | polynucleotide
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| What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? | show 🗑
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| What are purines/pyrimidines? | show 🗑
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| show | nitrogenous base, phosphate group and a 5-carbon sugar
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| Sketch nucleotides and label. | show 🗑
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| show | double helix.
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| show | It is a repeating pattern of sugar, phosphate, sugar, phosphate. The nitrogenous bases are arranged as appendages along this backbone.
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| show | phosphorous atom in its center. It is the source of the acid in 'nucleic acid.'
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| Describe the sugar | show 🗑
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| show | deoxyribonucleic acid . because nucleic comes from location of DNA in a eukaryotic cell. deoxyribose is the name of the sugar. It has an acidic phosphate group, that is why it is called an acid.
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| show | sugar is Ribose instead of deoxyribose. Instead of T it has U. single not double helix
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| show | proteins are called HISTONES. The histones combine with the DNA top coil the material tightly to form CROMATIN.
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| show | Crick and Watson (based on seeing Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins X-Ray diffraction pictures )
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| What is the familiar term they used | show 🗑
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| Describe the model they came up with and its role in the discovery? | show 🗑
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| What did Chargaff discover? What is Chargaff's rule? | show 🗑
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| Sketch an untwisted double-stranded DNA and label the parts and bonds. | show 🗑
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| What is the sequence of nucleotides? Does that limit the length of the DNA strand? | show 🗑
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| With a complete picture of DNA, we can see the genetic information in a chromosome must be encoded in the___________ | show 🗑
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| define genotype | show 🗑
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| show | the TRAITS. Example, one flower purple, one flower blue.
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| How does a genotype use protein molecules to express a phenotype? Describe the steps. | show 🗑
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| show | the transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule
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| Define translation. When and how does translation occur? | show 🗑
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| What were Garrod's ideas? Were they important? | show 🗑
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| What does the phrase 'one gene-one polypeptide' mean? (The work of Beadle and Tatum | show 🗑
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| What is the monomer of DNA and RNA? | show 🗑
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| The sequence of nucleotides of the RNA molecule dictates the ______________ | show 🗑
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| How is RNA a messenger? | show 🗑
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| show | triplets of bases are the smallest 'word' that specifies an amino acid. " AAT in RNA could specify amino acid
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| show | There are 64 possible triplets. They code only 20 amino acids. This means more than one triplet can code the same amino acid. Example both AAT and AAC both code the same amino acid.
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| What is a codon | show 🗑
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| Describe the process from DNA strand to polypeptide | show 🗑
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| show | deoxyribose, phosphate, nitrogen base
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| show | nitrogen base
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| List the four different kinds of nitrogen bases, spell out, do not abbreviate. | show 🗑
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| Explain WHERE the nucleotide molecules connect (bond to each other. Be specific. there are TWO locations where nucleotides connect. | show 🗑
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| show | Adenine pairs with Thymine
and Guanine pairs with Cytosine.
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| show | Yes. because Adenine pairs with Thymine.
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| Are there always going to be an EQUAL number of guanine and cytosine molecules in a molecule of DNA? | show 🗑
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| The sides of the DNA ladder are made up of alternating ______ and ______ to form the backbone | show 🗑
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| The two components of adjacent nucleotides bond in the process of __________ ___________ therefore a __________ bond exists between each nucleotide in the backbone of DNA | show 🗑
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| In the process of dehydration synthesis, what type of bond forms: ionic, covalent or hydrogen? | show 🗑
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| The steps or rungs of the ladder of DNA are made of ____ ________ held together by hydrogen bonds | show 🗑
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| show | Our DNA differs in the sequence of the nitrogen bases. We each have A, T, G, C but the sequence varies.
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