BIO TAG - Ecology, DNA and DNA Experiments Quiz
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| What were the originally discovered agents of disease? | show 🗑
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| Define heredity. What plays a major role? | show 🗑
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| show | English bacteriologist. 1928. Found a chemical could TRANSFORM a harmless pneumonia bacteria into a KILLING form of pneumonia. Important because the TRANSFORMING FACTOR might be a GENE.
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| Describe what scientists knew about early chromosomes? Were they correct? | show 🗑
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| show | 1952. American. Radioactively tagged the DNA and the protein. Found the DNA was the genetic material.
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| Define bacteriophages. Tell why they were important to discovering DNA | show 🗑
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| Write the parts of Hershey and Chases's experiment | show 🗑
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| show | DNA was the hereditary material
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| What kinds of bonds does DNA make? | show 🗑
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| show | ability to store genetic information, copy it, pass it from generation to generation
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| show | N, C, H, O, P atoms. In molecules: phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous bases A, G, T, C.
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| show | N, C, H, O, P atoms. In molecules:phosphate group, ribose sugar nitrogenous bases and A, T, G, U.
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| show | a monomer of nucleic acid made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
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| What is the monomer of DNA? | show 🗑
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| show | polynucleotide
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| What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? | show 🗑
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| What are purines/pyrimidines? | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 components of each nucleotides? | show 🗑
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| show | on question list.
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| show | double helix.
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| show | It is a repeating pattern of sugar, phosphate, sugar, phosphate. The nitrogenous bases are arranged as appendages along this backbone.
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| show | phosphorous atom in its center. It is the source of the acid in 'nucleic acid.'
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| Describe the sugar | show 🗑
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| What is the full name of DNA and why? | show 🗑
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| show | sugar is Ribose instead of deoxyribose. Instead of T it has U. single not double helix
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| show | proteins are called HISTONES. The histones combine with the DNA top coil the material tightly to form CROMATIN.
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| Who were the first scientists to discover the structure of DNA | show 🗑
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| What is the familiar term they used | show 🗑
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| Describe the model they came up with and its role in the discovery? | show 🗑
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| What did Chargaff discover? What is Chargaff's rule? | show 🗑
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| Sketch an untwisted double-stranded DNA and label the parts and bonds. | show 🗑
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| What is the sequence of nucleotides? Does that limit the length of the DNA strand? | show 🗑
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| With a complete picture of DNA, we can see the genetic information in a chromosome must be encoded in the___________ | show 🗑
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| define genotype | show 🗑
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| show | the TRAITS. Example, one flower purple, one flower blue.
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| How does a genotype use protein molecules to express a phenotype? Describe the steps. | show 🗑
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| show | the transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule
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| Define translation. When and how does translation occur? | show 🗑
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| What were Garrod's ideas? Were they important? | show 🗑
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| What does the phrase 'one gene-one polypeptide' mean? (The work of Beadle and Tatum | show 🗑
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| What is the monomer of DNA and RNA? | show 🗑
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| The sequence of nucleotides of the RNA molecule dictates the ______________ | show 🗑
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| How is RNA a messenger? | show 🗑
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| What is a triplet code? How does it code for an amino acid? | show 🗑
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| show | There are 64 possible triplets. They code only 20 amino acids. This means more than one triplet can code the same amino acid. Example both AAT and AAC both code the same amino acid.
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| show | synonym for triplet code of 3 base word of RNA.
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| show | DNA strand TRANSCRIBES into RNA sequence. (Example A pairs with U). Then the RNA in the cytoplasm TRANSLATES the triplet words (codons) into AMINO ACID sequence. The AMINO ACID sequence is called a POLYPEPTIDE.
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| (from pre-quiz) What are the THREE common parts of a nucleotide? | show 🗑
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| (from pre-quiz)What is the ONE part of a nucleotide that differs among the four DIFFERENT nucleotides in your group? | show 🗑
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| List the four different kinds of nitrogen bases, spell out, do not abbreviate. | show 🗑
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| show | 1. in between the nitrogen bases. 2. the phosphate of the nucleotide bonds to the sugar of another nucleotide.
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| You will notice that the nucleotides pair up in a specific pattern. What is the pairing arrangement of the nitrogen bases? | show 🗑
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| show | Yes. because Adenine pairs with Thymine.
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| Are there always going to be an EQUAL number of guanine and cytosine molecules in a molecule of DNA? | show 🗑
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| show | sugar and phosphate
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| show | dehydration synthesis, covalent
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| In the process of dehydration synthesis, what type of bond forms: ionic, covalent or hydrogen? | show 🗑
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| The steps or rungs of the ladder of DNA are made of ____ ________ held together by hydrogen bonds | show 🗑
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| show | Our DNA differs in the sequence of the nitrogen bases. We each have A, T, G, C but the sequence varies.
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