Linux Study Guide - Exploring Linux Filesystems
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| ~ metacharacter | A metacharacter used to represent a user’s home directory.
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| absolute pathname | The full pathname to a certain file or directory, starting from the root directory.
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| binary data file | A file that contains machine language (binary 1s and 0s) and stores information (such as common functions and graphics) used by binary compiled programs.
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| cat command | A Linux command used to display (or concatenate) the entire contents of a text file to the screen.
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| cd (change directory) command | A Linux command used to change the current directory in the directory tree.
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| command mode | One of the two modes in vi; it allows a user to perform any available text editing task that is not related to inserting text into the document.
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| Concatenation | The joining of text to make one larger whole. In Linux, words and strings of text are joined together to form a displayed file.
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| directory | A special file on the filesystem used to organize other files into a logical tree structure.
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| egrep command | A variant of the grep command, used to search files for patterns using extended regular expressions.
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| Emacs (Editor MACroS) editor | A popular and widespread text editor more conducive to word processing than vi. It was originally developed by Richard Stallman.
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| executable program | A file that can be executed by the Linux operating system to run in memory as a process and perform a useful function.
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| fgrep command | A variant of the grep command that does not allow the use of regular expressions.
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| file command | A Linux command that displays the file type of a specified filename.
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| Filename | The user-friendly identifier given to a file.
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| filename extension | At the end of filename, a dot followed by a series of identifiers that denote the file type; the filename extension .txt denotes a text file.
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| gedit editor | A common text editor used within GUI environments.
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| grep command | A Linux command that searches files for patterns of characters using regular expression metacharacters. The command name is short for “global regular expression print.”
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| head command | A Linux command that displays the first set of lines of a text file; by default, the head command displays the first 10 lines.
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| home directory | A directory on the filesystem set aside for users to store personal files and information.
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| insert mode | One of the two modes in vi; it allows the user to insert text into the document but does not allow any other functionality.
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| less command | A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page on the terminal screen; users can then use the cursor keys to navigate the file.
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| linked file | The files that represent the same data as other files.
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| ll command | An alias for the ls –l command; it gives a long file listing.
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| log file | A file that contains past system events.
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| ls command | A Linux command used to list the files in a given directory.
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| more command | A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page and line-by-line on the terminal screen.
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| named pipe file | A temporary connection that sends information from one command or process in memory to another; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem.
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| nano editor | A user-friendly terminal text editor that uses Ctrl key combinations to perform basic functions.
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| od command | A Linux command used to display the contents of a file in octal format.
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| parent directory | The directory that is one level closer to the root directory in the directory tree relative to your current directory.
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| pwd (print working directory) | command A Linux command used to display the current directory in the directory tree.
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| regular expressions (regexp) | The special metacharacters used to match patterns of text within text files; they are commonly used by text tool commands, including grep.
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| relative pathname | The pathname of a target directory relative to your current directory in the tree.
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| socket file | A named pipe connecting processes on two different computers; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem.
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| special device file | A file used to identify hardware devices such as hard disks and serial ports.
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| strings command | A Linux command used to search for and display text characters in a binary file.
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| Subdirectory | A directory that resides within another directory in the directory tree.
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| Tab-completion feature | A feature of the BASH shell that fills in the remaining characters of a unique filename or directory name when the user presses Tab.
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| tac command | A Linux command that displays a file on the screen, beginning with the last line of the file and ending with the first line of the file.
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| tail command | A Linux command used to display lines of text at the end of a file; by default, the tail command displays the last 10 lines of the file.
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| text file | A file that stores information in a readable text format.
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| text tools | The programs that allow for the creation, modification, and searching of text files.
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| vi editor | A powerful command-line text editor available on most UNIX and Linux systems.
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| wildcard metacharacters | The metacharacters used to match certain characters in a file or directory name; they are often used to specify multiple files.
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