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NOS220 Review (Ch3)
Linux Study Guide - Exploring Linux Filesystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ~ metacharacter | A metacharacter used to represent a user’s home directory. |
| absolute pathname | The full pathname to a certain file or directory, starting from the root directory. |
| binary data file | A file that contains machine language (binary 1s and 0s) and stores information (such as common functions and graphics) used by binary compiled programs. |
| cat command | A Linux command used to display (or concatenate) the entire contents of a text file to the screen. |
| cd (change directory) command | A Linux command used to change the current directory in the directory tree. |
| command mode | One of the two modes in vi; it allows a user to perform any available text editing task that is not related to inserting text into the document. |
| Concatenation | The joining of text to make one larger whole. In Linux, words and strings of text are joined together to form a displayed file. |
| directory | A special file on the filesystem used to organize other files into a logical tree structure. |
| egrep command | A variant of the grep command, used to search files for patterns using extended regular expressions. |
| Emacs (Editor MACroS) editor | A popular and widespread text editor more conducive to word processing than vi. It was originally developed by Richard Stallman. |
| executable program | A file that can be executed by the Linux operating system to run in memory as a process and perform a useful function. |
| fgrep command | A variant of the grep command that does not allow the use of regular expressions. |
| file command | A Linux command that displays the file type of a specified filename. |
| Filename | The user-friendly identifier given to a file. |
| filename extension | At the end of filename, a dot followed by a series of identifiers that denote the file type; the filename extension .txt denotes a text file. |
| gedit editor | A common text editor used within GUI environments. |
| grep command | A Linux command that searches files for patterns of characters using regular expression metacharacters. The command name is short for “global regular expression print.” |
| head command | A Linux command that displays the first set of lines of a text file; by default, the head command displays the first 10 lines. |
| home directory | A directory on the filesystem set aside for users to store personal files and information. |
| insert mode | One of the two modes in vi; it allows the user to insert text into the document but does not allow any other functionality. |
| less command | A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page on the terminal screen; users can then use the cursor keys to navigate the file. |
| linked file | The files that represent the same data as other files. |
| ll command | An alias for the ls –l command; it gives a long file listing. |
| log file | A file that contains past system events. |
| ls command | A Linux command used to list the files in a given directory. |
| more command | A Linux command used to display a text file page-by-page and line-by-line on the terminal screen. |
| named pipe file | A temporary connection that sends information from one command or process in memory to another; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem. |
| nano editor | A user-friendly terminal text editor that uses Ctrl key combinations to perform basic functions. |
| od command | A Linux command used to display the contents of a file in octal format. |
| parent directory | The directory that is one level closer to the root directory in the directory tree relative to your current directory. |
| pwd (print working directory) | command A Linux command used to display the current directory in the directory tree. |
| regular expressions (regexp) | The special metacharacters used to match patterns of text within text files; they are commonly used by text tool commands, including grep. |
| relative pathname | The pathname of a target directory relative to your current directory in the tree. |
| socket file | A named pipe connecting processes on two different computers; it can also be represented by a file on the filesystem. |
| special device file | A file used to identify hardware devices such as hard disks and serial ports. |
| strings command | A Linux command used to search for and display text characters in a binary file. |
| Subdirectory | A directory that resides within another directory in the directory tree. |
| Tab-completion feature | A feature of the BASH shell that fills in the remaining characters of a unique filename or directory name when the user presses Tab. |
| tac command | A Linux command that displays a file on the screen, beginning with the last line of the file and ending with the first line of the file. |
| tail command | A Linux command used to display lines of text at the end of a file; by default, the tail command displays the last 10 lines of the file. |
| text file | A file that stores information in a readable text format. |
| text tools | The programs that allow for the creation, modification, and searching of text files. |
| vi editor | A powerful command-line text editor available on most UNIX and Linux systems. |
| wildcard metacharacters | The metacharacters used to match certain characters in a file or directory name; they are often used to specify multiple files. |
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