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Linux+ Ch12 Routing commands and their respective options

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Question
Answer
route add -net 127.0.0.1   Adds normal loopback entry, using Class A netmask  
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route add -net #.#.#.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0   Adds route to network via eth0  
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route add default gw mango-gw   forces network packets through a default gateway, in this case, mango-gw  
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traceroute -d (hostname)   sets socket level debug option  
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traceroute -n (hostname)   displays hop addresses numerically  
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traceroute -g (gateway)   specifies the source route gateway  
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traceroute -r (hostname)   bypasses normal routing tables and sends packets directly to the host on an attached network  
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traceroute -w (waittime)   sets wait time for probe response in seconds  
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netstat   displays statistics about a network including socket status, interfaces, memory stats and routing tables.  
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netstat -r or --route   displays kernel routing tables  
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netstat -g or --groups   displays multicast group membership  
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netstat -ir   a table of all network interfaces or the specified interface  
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ifdown (devicename)   stops specified network device  
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ifup (devicename)   starts specified network device  
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ifconfig (interfacename) up   starts specified network device  
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ifconfig (interfacename) down   Stops specified network device  
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ifconfig (interfacename) (address)   Sets IP(address) for specified network device  
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ifconfig (interfacename) netmask (address)   Sets the subnet mask (address) for the specified network device  
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ifconfig (interfacename) dstaddr (address)   Sets remote IP address for point to point connection  
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iwconfig   iwconfig sets wireless device settings  
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ifconfig   ifconfig sets wired device settings eth*  
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iwconfig (interfacename) essid   sets the ESSID/network name/domain ID  
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iwconfig (interfacename) nwid   sets network ID to differentiate from other networks  
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iwconfig (interfacename) nick   sets nickname for device on wireless networks  
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iwconfig (interfacename) mode (mode)   Sets operating mode for device (Managed or Ad-Hoc)  
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iwconfig (interfacename) freq/channel (f/c)   Set frequency or channel iwconfig eth* freq2422000000 or 2.422G iwconfig eth* channel [1-6] or auto  
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iwconfig (interfacename) ap   sets bitrate  
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iwconfig (interfacename) txpower   set transmit power  
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iwconfig (interfacename) sens   sets sensitivity threshold  
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iwconfig (interfacename) retry   max connection retries  
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iwconfig (interfacename) rts   sets minimum packet size that the node sends  
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iwconfig (interfacename) frag   sets max size for fragments that can be transferred  
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iwconfig (interfacename) key/enc   sets the encryption keys and security mode  
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iwconfig (interfacename) power   sets power management parameters  
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iwconfig (interfacename) commit   applies pending changes  
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cell   a network zone covered by an access point or tower  
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RTS   signal sent to receiving device  
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slapd   standalone LDAP daemon is the service that allows LDAP requests to be sent and received.  
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/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts   directory containing various network config scripts like ifcfg-eth0 which are executed as start-up  
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wireless device operating modes   Managed and Ad-Hoc  
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