Theater history, 1875-1915
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| Modernism | The deliberate departure from tradition and the use of innovative forms of expression that distinguish many styles in the arts and literature of the 20th century.
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| Theatricalism | theatrical movement that emphasized artifice in reaction to 19th-century naturalism. Marked by stylized acting, frank scenic artifices and conventions
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| Plessy Vs. Ferguson | a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in the jurisprudence of the United States, upholding segregation and the constitutionality of the "separate but equal" doctrine
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| Moscow Art Theatre | It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time.
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| Avant Garde | term applied to plays of experimental or unorthodox nature which attempt to go beyond standard usage in form, content or both.
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| Birth of a Nation | a film by D.W. Grifith that is technicaly advanced for it's time, but carries a message of hate, and promotes the KKK
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| The Syndicate | a syndicat eof new york theaters
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| Eclectic | theater artist who works in a variety of modes and does not identify with one particular artistic movement
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| Negro Circuit | vaudvile stages that let african americans act
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| Lafayette players | A chicago theater with an all black company
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| Theatre Libre | "free theater" a french theater that revolutionized theater in france, introducing paris to realistic and naturalistic playwrights
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| Constructivist sets | skelital frames, ramps, stairways, and platforms used as a practical apperatous for actors instead of suggesting location.
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| Theatre d'Art | a theater producing symbolist plays
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| Ragtime | A style of jazz characterized by elaborately syncopated rhythm in the melody and a steadily accented accompaniment.
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| Biomchanics | an acting style developed by Meyerhold which emphisised external physical training and performance style, actor's body operate like a machine
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| A Trip to Coontown | First black musical comedy, writen by William Johnson
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| Stanislavskian technique (i.e., the System) | set of techniques for and theories about acting which promotes a realistic style stressing psycological gestures and emotional truth as opposed to conventional theatricality
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| Realism | is the depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life, without embellishment or interpretation.
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| Symbolism | a movement which sought to replace realistic representation of life with the expression of inner truth. used myths, ledgends and symbols in an attempt to reach beyond everyday reality
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| Appia & Craig's design principles | moving away from box sets and using lights for scene changes and striking effects,
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| Naturalism | theatre that tries to create a perfect illusion of reality through detailed sets, an unpoetic literary style that reflects the way real people speak, and a style of acting that tries to recreate reality
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| Sigmund Freud | Austrian physician and founder of psychoanalysis who theorized that the symptoms of hysterical patients represent forgotten and unresolved infantile psychosexual conflicts.
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| Friedrich Nietzsche | German philosopher who reasoned that Christianity's emphasis on the afterlife makes its believers less able to cope with earthly life. He argued that the ideal human, the Übermensch, would be able to channel passions creatively instead of suppressing them
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| Anton Chekhov | Russian Realistic Plywright, Wrote for the Moscow Art Theater, also, his works are the first glimpses at tradgicomedy
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| Henrik Ibsen | Norwegian PLaywright- know for dramatic technique and psycological insights into human nature.
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| George Bernard Shaw | Irish PLaywright, his most famous plays are Arms and the Man (1894), Major Barbara (1905), Saint Joan (1923), and Pygmalion (1914).
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| Konstanin Stanislavski | a Russian theatre and acting innovator.He developed the system
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| Max Rheinhardt | Austrian theatrical director and manager whose experimental, large-scale productions included Oedipus Rex and The Miracle.
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| Maurice Maeterlinck | a Belgian poet, playwright, and essayist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1911. The main themes in his work are death and the meaning of life.
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| Vsevelod Meyerhold | a Russian theatrical producer, director, and actor whose provocative experiments in unconventional theatre made him one of the seminal forces in modern theatre.
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| August Strindberg | a Swedish writer, playwright, and painter, His work falls into two major literary movements, Naturalism and Expressionism.
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| Bert Williams & George Walker | two leading black actors, who were famous for the "cakewalk"
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| Anita Bush | She was an African-American dancer, actress and theatrical administrator. She organized the Anita Bush Players, the first professional Black dramatic nonmusical theater ensemble in the United States.
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| Emile Zola | French writer and critic who was a leading proponent of naturalism in fiction.
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