chp 7 gs us vocab
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| 1. Jim Crow Laws | a set of laws that kept blacks and whites segregated.
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| 2. poll tax | people who wanted to vote had to pay a tax
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| 3. literacy test | reading and writing tests required by the states.
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| 4. grandfather clause | a person could vote as long as they had ancestors who voted before 1866.
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| 5. Booker T. Washington | a famous black leader who said blacks should not focus on being segregated but look towards being hardworking and honest citizens.
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| 6. W.E.B. Du Bois | graduated from Harvard, criticized Washington for giving into the whites, and argued that blacks should have equality.
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| 7. Ida B. Wells | an African American woman who fought for the rights of other African Americans. she bought the local newspaper and renamed it "Free Speech".
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| 8. Las Gorras Blancas | a large group of mexicans who attacked ranch owners by cutting wholes in their barbed wire and burning houses.
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| 9. spoils system | politicians who awarded government positions to loyal party members,regardless of their requirements.
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| 10. civil service | a system that has federal jobs among the executive branch
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| 11. Pendleton Civil Service Act | an act that established a a civil service exam. people who wanted to work for the government had to pass the exam.
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| 12. Gold Standard | were the government would use gold as the basis for the U.S. currency
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| 13. Oliver H. Kelley | a Minnesota farmer,and government clerk who organized the Grange.
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| 14. Grange | had goals to educate people on new farming techniques and regulate the railroad and grain elevator rates.
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| 15. Populist Party | a People's Party that sought to build a new political party from scratch. spread rapidly and made two major political parties consider their demands.
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| 16.William Jennings Bryan | the Democratic representative to be president, some believed he would win the election.
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| 17. William McKinley | the Republican Representative to be president. allowed other party members to campaign for him. won the election
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