Nervous System Ch12 Terminology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Central nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | encephal/o
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| show | myel/o
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| Peripheral nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | Carry impulses to the brain
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| show | Carry impulses away from the brain
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| show | Voluntary
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| show | Involuntary
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| show | neur/o
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| show | (dendr/o)
Projections from the cell body that receive neural impulses.
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| Cell body | show 🗑
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| show | Myelin sheath- white substance that coats the axons
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| Schwann cells | show 🗑
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| show | Space between terminal fibers and dendrites
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| Gila/neuroglia | show 🗑
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| show | (astr/o)
connect neurons and blood vessels
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| show | Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brainstem
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| Spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | Largest portion of the brain
cerebral cortex
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| Frontal lobe | show 🗑
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| show | auditory and olfactory
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| Parietal lobe | show 🗑
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| show | vision
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| show | Thalamus
Hypothalamus
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| Brain stem | show 🗑
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| Pons | show 🗑
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| show | regulates heart rate, blood pressure and breathing
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| Spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | radicul/o, rhiz/o
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| show | (mening/o, meningi/o)
protective covering for the CNS
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| show | (dur/o)
outer covering for the meninges
Subdural space between dura mater and arachnoid membrane
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| Arachnoid membrane | show 🗑
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| show | 12 pairs which conduct impulses between the brain and the head, neck, thoracic and abdominal areas
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| show | 31 pairs
Named for their location: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
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| Dermatomes | show 🗑
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| show | "fight-or-flight" response
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| Parasympathetic nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | Loss of memory caused by brain damage or trauma
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| Aphasia | show 🗑
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| Dysphagia | show 🗑
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| Dyssomnia | show 🗑
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| show | inability to sleep or stay asleep
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| Hypersomnia | show 🗑
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| Fasciculation | show 🗑
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| Gait, abnormal | show 🗑
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| show | Nerve pain
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| Paresthesia | show 🗑
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| show | Neuromuscular reaction to abnormal electrical activity within the brain; also called convulsions.
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| show | Fainting
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| Vertigo | show 🗑
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| show | inability to perform mathematical calculations
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| show | Inability to recognize objects visually, auditorily or with other senses
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| Agraphia | show 🗑
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| Anosmia | show 🗑
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| show | Inability to perform purposeful movements or to use objects appropriately
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| show | Inability or difficulty with reading and/or writing.
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| show | knowledge
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| show | record
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| show | sense of smell
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| prax/o | show 🗑
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| show | word
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| show | Condition of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain
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| Spina bifida | show 🗑
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| Tay-Sachs | show 🗑
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| Coma | show 🗑
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| Concussion | show 🗑
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| Cerebral contusion | show 🗑
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| Hematoma | show 🗑
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| Herniated intervertebral disk | show 🗑
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| show | (AD)
Progressive, neurodegenerative disease in which patients exhibit an impairment of cognitive functioning.
Cause: unknown
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| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | show 🗑
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| Multiple Sclerosis | show 🗑
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| show | (PD)
Progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by tremors, fasciculations, slow shuffling gait, hypokinesia, dysphasia and dysphagia.
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| Bell Palsy | show 🗑
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| Epilepsy | show 🗑
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| show | sudden attacks of sleep
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| show | Abnormal condition characterized by facial grimaces, tics, involuntary arm and shoulder movements and involuntary vocalizations.
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| ***Encephalitis | show 🗑
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| ***Meningitis | show 🗑
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| show | inflammation of the nerves
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| ***Polyneuritis | show 🗑
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| ***Radiculitis | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammation of the sciatic nerve, causing pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg
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| show | Acute infection caused by the latent/dormant varicella zoster virus (Chicken pox).
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| Cerebrovascular accident | show 🗑
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| show | headache of vascular origin.
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| Transient ischemic attack | show 🗑
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| show | loss of muscle function
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| Diplegia | show 🗑
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| Hemiplegia | show 🗑
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| show | Paralysis of one limb
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| Paraplegia | show 🗑
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| show | Paralysis of arms, legs, and trunk
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| Cerebral angiography | show 🗑
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| show | Ultrasound exam of the brain
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| Myelography | show 🗑
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| Positron emission tomography | show 🗑
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| show | (EEG)
record of the electrical activity of the brain.
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| Multiple sleep latency test | show 🗑
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| show | Measurement and record of a number of functions while the patient is asleep.
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| Babinski reflex | show 🗑
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| show | examination of fluid from the CNS to detect pathogens and abnormalities.
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| show | (LP)
Procedure to aspirate CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) from the lumbar subarachnoid space for diagnostic purposes.
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| Craniectomy | show 🗑
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| show | incision into the skull
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| stereotaxic radiosurgery | show 🗑
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| show | also known as a VP shunt
Procedure to drain fluid from brain ventricles through a shunt or catheter and valve that leads to the abdominal cavity.
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| show | Cutting of a branch of the vagus nerve to reduce the secretion of gastric acid.
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| show | use of anesthesia to prevent sensory nerve impulses from reaching the CNS
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| show | excision of part or all of a nerve
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| show | destruction of a nerve
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| neuroplasty | show 🗑
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| neurorrhaphy | show 🗑
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| show | incision of a nerve
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| show | removal of the atheromatous plaque lining the carotid artery to increase blood flow and leave a smooth surface
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| show | incision of the spinal cord to relieve pain
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| show | resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain
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| show | surgical interruption of part of the sympathetic pathways for the relief of chronic pain or to promote vasodilation
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| TENS | show 🗑
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| show | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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| CVA | show 🗑
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| show | transient ischemic attack
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