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Certification Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adnexa refers to | accessory organs |
| A drop is denoted by the abbreviation | gt |
| The abbreviation ung refers to | ointment |
| Proximal is a term that indicates a point | nearer to the body |
| Adduction means | movement toward median plane |
| Ischemic can be defined as | a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ |
| A cystocele is | herniation of urinary bladder |
| Nulli is a prefix that means | none |
| False is indicated by the prefix | pseudo |
| Tiny red or purple spots on the skin appearing as a result of small hemorrhages within the dermal or submucosal layers are called | petechiae |
| Kerato refers to | horny |
| The suffix lysis means | breaking down |
| The left eye is indicated by what letters | OS |
| Tissue death is called | necrosis |
| The secretion of excess sweat is also known as | diaphoresis |
| Which radiographic procedure has the ability to make images in multiple planes | MRI |
| The absence of a normal body opening, duct or canal is called | atresia |
| Epistaxis can be defined as | bleeding from the nose |
| Blood gas analysis is called | ABG |
| A ganglion is a | collection of nerve endings |
| The lungs are covered in a serous membranous sac called the | visceral pleura |
| The passageway for foods and liquids into the digestive system, and for air into the respiratory system, is the | pharynx |
| The vocal cords are located in the | larynx |
| The function of the trachea is to | conduct air to and from the lungs |
| The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the | septum |
| The bones of the palm of the hand are referred to as | metacarpals |
| The muscles important to respiration are | intercostal |
| The thick, fan-shaped muscle that lies on the anterior chest is the | pectoralis major |
| The triangular muscle of the shoulder that abducts the arm is the | deltoid |
| Which of the abdominal muscles originates at the pubic bone and ends in the ribs | rectus abdominis |
| One of the principal muscles of the pelvic floor is the | levator ani |
| The gastrocnemius is the chief muscle of the | calf of the leg |
| A connective tissue band that holds bones together is called | ligament |
| The two bones that form the side walls and the roof of the cranium are the | parietal bones |
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is located where | along the side of the neck |
| The medial bone of the forearm, which is located on the small finger side of the hand, is called the | ulna |
| The bone that is shaped like a butterfly and forms the anterior portion of the base of the cranium is the | sphenoid |
| The bone that forms the posterior portion of the skull is the | occipital |
| The lower jawbone is the | mandible |
| The bone located in the neck between the mandible and the larynx, which supports the tongue and provides attachment for some of its muscles, is the | hyoid bone |
| The adult vertebral column has how many bones | 26 |
| How many cervical vertebrae are there | 7 |
| The bone in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bone is the | hyoid |
| The number of pairs of ribs is | 12 |
| A slender, rod-like bone that is located at the base of the neck and runs horizontally is the | clavicle |
| The nucleus pulposus is the | cushioning mass within an intervertebral disc |
| The upper, flaring portion of the hipbone is the | ilium |
| A large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes is the | foramen magnum |
| The larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg is the | tibia |
| The bone that fits into the acetabulum, forming a joint, is the | femur |
| Another name for kneecap is | patella |
| The membranes that line closed cavities within the body are called | serous membranes |
| The longest bone in the body is the | femur |
| A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone is called a | condyle |
| An infection of the bone is | osteomyelitis |
| The epiphyses are the | ends of long bones |
| Oil glands of the skin are called | sebaceous |
| The periosteum is | the membrane that covers bone |
| A transparent structure that permits the eye to focus rays to form an image on the retina is the | lens |
| The purpose of the iris is to | regulate the amount of light entering the eye |
| The structure that is seen from the outside as the colored portion of the eye is the | iris |
| The nerve that carries visual impulses to the brain is the | optic nerve |
| The white outer layer of the eyeball is the | sclera |
| A jelly-like substance in the eye's posterior cavity is called | vitreous humor |
| The structure that connects the middle ear and the throat, allowing the eardrum to vibrate freely, is the | eustachian tube |
| The conjunctiva is the | covering of the anterior globe except the cornea |
| The number of pairs of spinal nerves is | 31 |
| The great sensory nerve of the face and head is the | trigeminal |
| The cranial nerve that contains special sense fibers for hearing as well as for balance is | VIII - vestibulocochlear |
| The part of the brain responsible for maintenance of balance and muscle tone, as well as coordination of voluntary muscle, is the | cerebellum |
| The frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes are divisions of the | cerebrum |
| The area of the brain that controls the respiratory center is the | medulla oblongata |
| The largest part of the brain is the | cerebrum |
| The outermost covering of the brain and spinal cord is the | dura mater |
| Cerebrospinal fluid circulates freely in the | subarachnoid space |
| The brain contains four fluid-filled spaces called the | ventricles |
| Which of the following structures transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear | tympanic membrane |
| The winding, cone-shaped tube of the inner ear is the | cochlea |
| Which of the following is not an auditory ossicle - cochlea, stapes, incus or malleus | cochlea |
| Cross-matching of blood determines | suitability of donor by mixing donor RBC's with recipient serum |
| The highly specialized blood cell whose function is oxygen transportation is | red blood cells |
| A differential count provides an estimate of | the percentage of each type of white cell |
| Mixing of incompatible bloods may result in | agglutination (blood becomes clumped or held together in bunches) |
| Platelets are essential for | coagulation of blood |
| In the normal adult, the average number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of circulating blood is | 5,000-10,000 |
| Which type of suture would be used to invert the stump of an appendix | purse-string |
| A Nissen Fundoplication procedure is done to correct | antireflux disease |
| A catheter commonly used in gastrostomy is | mushroom |
| A postoperative complication attributed to glove powder entering a wound is | granulomata |
| The Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is used for | esophageal hemorrhage |
| How is a frozen section sent to the lab | dry |
| McBurney is an incision used for | appendectomy |
| A hernia occurring in Hesselback's triangle is called | direct |
| Pathologic enlargement of the male breast is called | gynecomastia |
| Sutures placed in a wound to prevent wound evisceration are called | retention |
| A left subcostal incision indicates surgery of the | spleen |
| A subphrenic abscess occurs in the | liver |
| Which incision would require cutting through Scarpa's fascia | inguinal |
| Labor can be induced using | pitocin |
| The most commonly identified ovarian cyst is the | follicle |
| A herniation of the cul-de-sac at the Pouch of Douglas is | enterocele |
| A condition causing leaking of urine into the vagina is | vesicovaginal fistula |
| A solution used for eye irrigation is | balanced salt solution |
| Dilating eye drops are called | mydriatics |
| A procedure to treat retinal detachment is | scleral buckling |
| A chalazion is a chronic inflammation of the | meibomian gland |
| Sagging and eversion of the lower lid is | ectropion |
| Removal of the entire eyeball is | enucleation |
| The most common topical anesthetic agent used in ENT surgery is | cocaine |
| A perforated eardrum is corrected by | tympanoplasty |
| Severe vertigo may be relieved by | labyrinthectomy |
| The majority of benign salivary gland tumors occur in which glad | parotid |
| Microtia refers to | absence of the external ear |
| Syndactyly refers to | webbing of the digits |
| A face lift is termed a | rhytidectomy |
| Which muscle is utilized to effect a TRAM flap in breast reconstruction | transrectus abdominis |
| The Pereyra needle is used in which specialty area of surgery | urology |
| Removal of a testis or the testes is called | orchiectomy |
| An endoscopic procedure to treat stress incontinence is a | Stamey procedure |
| Orchiopexy can be defined as | fixation of a testicle |
| In a penile implant, the inflation pump is located in the | scrotum |
| Excision of the tunica vaginalis is a | hydrocelectomy |
| An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the scrotum is | hydrocele |
| Which suture is commonly used to attach tendon to bone | wire |
| Baker's cysts are found in the | popliteal fossa |
| In a total hip replacement, which structure is reamed | acetabulum |
| Joint reconstruction is known as | arthroplasty |
| An infection in bone is termed | osteomyelitis |
| A lateral curvature of the spine is | scoliosis |
| Harrington rods are used to treat | scoliosis |
| A rotator cuff repair is called a | Bankart |
| An olecranon fracture occurs in the | elbow |
| Surgery on the medial malleolus would be of the | tibia |
| The most frequent site of cartilage tears in the knee joint are at the | medial meniscus |
| The antagonist to heparin sodium is | protamine sulfate |
| Dextran is used parenterally to | expand blood plasma volume |
| Plaque removal from a vessel is termed | endarterectomy |
| Raney clips are | hemostatic scalp clips |
| A tumor arising from the covering of the brain is | meningioma |
| Oxgen-dependent bacteria are said to be | aerobic |
| The destruction of bacteria by white cells during the inflammatory process is called | phagocytosis |
| Rodlike shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as | bacilli |
| Clostridium tetani causes | lockjaw |
| Which bacteria is commonly found in soil | clostridium tetani |
| The bacteria that causes rheumatic fever is | streptococcus |
| What organism is responsible for a boil | staphylococcus aureus |
| The organism most frequently found in burns is | pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Gas gangrene is caused by | clostridium perfringens |
| A bacteria found in the intestinal tract is | escherichia coli |
| The substance that unites with thrombin to form fibrin, the basic structural material of blood clots is | fibrinogen |
| A cicatrix is | a scar |
| Keloids are | a raised, thickened scar |
| A drug that interferes with the blood-clotting mechanism is | heparin |
| The action of an anticholinergic drug is to reduce | secretions |
| Naloxone (Narcan) is an example of | narcotic antagonist |
| Avitene is | hemostatic |
| The most common diuretic is | lasix |
| A drug used to treat metabolic acidosis | sodium bicarbonate |
| Another name for adrenalin is | epinephrine |
| In an inguinal herniorrhaphy the spermatic cord is | retracted with a Penrose drain |
| Meckel's diverticulum is found in the | ileum |
| Low or decreased blood volume | hypovolemia |
| Injection of contrast media into the brachial, carotid or vertebral artery to study the intracranial vessels is called | angiography |
| A right hemicolectomy is performed to remove pathology of the | ascending colon |
| Dacryo refers to | lacrimal gland |
| When transporting a patient, drainage systems should be placed | below stretcher level |
| Which two anatomic structures are ligated and divided to effect a cholecystectomy | cystic duct, cystic artery |
| Adeno means | gland |
| Which suture is not generally used in the presence of infection | silk |
| Radical surgery done for lower sigmoid or rectal malignancy is a | abdominal perineal resection |
| The term for fluid or water in the ventricles of the brain is | hydrocephalus |
| 212 degrees F is equivalent to | 100 degrees C |
| A fossa is a | basin-like depression |
| The purpose of lidocaine installation during a tracheotomy is to | decrease coughing |
| A forcep used to grasp lung tissue is a | Duval |
| Which part of the pancreas is the most common site of malignant tumors | head |
| What part of the cell is destroyed in steam sterilization | cell protein |
| A rotator cuff tear would occur in the | shoulder |
| The most susceptible organ to laser injury is the | eyes |
| Nipple reconstruction can be enhanced by the use of | tattoo |
| A drug that may be used as an IV flush or as a flush for a blood vessel lumen is | heparin |
| Where are the adrenal glands located | above the kidney |
| There are ___ parathyroids | 4 |
| The sphincter at the junction of the small and large intestine is the | ileocecal sphincter |
| Which hepatitis poses a threat to health care workers | B |
| A dye used in gynecology to test tubal patency is | methylene blue |
| Which stage of wound healing takes place when there is tissue loss with an inability to approximate wound edge | second (granulation) |
| An elevated PSA test could be indicative of cancer of the | prostate |
| In which intention of healing is there a wide, fibrous scar | third |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome affects the | wrist |
| When the foreskin of the penis cannot be retracted over the glans it is called | phimosis |
| The burn characterized by blister formation, pain and a moist and mottled red appearance is | second |
| The Islets of Langerhans are located in the | pancreas |
| The master gland is the | pituitary |
| The operation to correct prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall is | colporrhaphy |
| Which nasal sinus can be approached only through an external eyebrow incision | frontal |
| Which sinus is surgically opened in a Caldwell-Luc procedure | maxillary |
| The second cranial nerve is the | optic |
| The eardrum is also known as the | tympanic membrane |
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