Female Reproductive System Ch8 Terminology
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| ovum (egg) | (o/o), (ov/i), ov/o)
female gamete
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| ovaries | (oophor/o), (ovari/o)
organ that releases mature eggs
(female gonad)
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| menstruation | (men/o)
-menarche (first menstrual period)
-menopause (cessation of menstruation)
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| Hormones secreted from: ** | pituitary and corpus luteum
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| Corpus luteum secretes: ** | estrogen and progestrone
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| ovulation ** | cyclical release of an egg
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| fallopian tubes ** | (salping/o), (salpinx)
tubes that transport the ovum to the uterus
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| uterus | (hyster/o), (metr/o), (metri/o), (ute)
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| Endometrium | (endometri/o)
lining of uterus
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| Myometrium | (myometri/o)
muscle layer
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| Perimetrium | (perimetri/o)
outer layer
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| Body or Corpus | central area of uterus
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| Cervix | (cervic/o)
narrowed lower area or "neck" of uterus
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| rectouterine pouch | (culd/o)
"Douglas' cul-de-sac"
space in the pelvic cavity between the uterus and rectum
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| vagina | (colp/o), (vagin/o)
if egg not fertilized the lining of the uterus is shed through the vagina by the process of menstruation (menses)
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| vulva | (vulv/o)
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| Hymen | (hymen/o)
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| Labia | (labi/o)
folds of skin
(Minora and Majora)
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| Clitoris | (clitorid/o)
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| Bartholin glands | (bartholin/o)
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| Perineum | (perine/o)
area between the opening of vagina and anus
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| Milk ** | (lact/o), (galact/o)
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| nipple ** | (papill/o), (thel/e)
mammary papilla
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| areola ** | dark colored skin surrounding the nipple
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| breast (mammary glands)** | (mast/o), (mamm/o)
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| pregnany/gestation | (gravid/o)
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| -gravida (-cyesis) | pregnancy
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| fetus | (fet/o)
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| hormonal function of zygote | hCG (pregnancy hormone)
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| amnion (amnionic fluid) | extraembryonic structure
(amni/o), (amnion/o) -amnios
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| -tocia (-para) | labor, delivery
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| umbilicus | (omphal/o), (umbilic/o)
belly button or navel
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| chorion | (chori/o), (chorion/o)
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| placenta | (placent/o)
highly vascular structure that acts as a physical communication between the mother and embryo
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| umbilical cord | connects embryo to the placenta
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| primigravida | pregnant for first time
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| multigravida | two or more pregnancies
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| nulligravida | never been pregnant
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| parturition | (-para), (part/o), (-partum)
<37 weeks premature infant
<2500g low birth weight infant
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| primi/para | mother delivered first baby
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| multipara | mother delivered two or more babies
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| nullipara | woman who has never delivered a baby
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| Antenatal/prenatal | pertaining to before birth
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| Postnatal | pertaining to after birth
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| Antepartum | pertaining to before delivery
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| Postpartum | pertaining to after delivery
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| Oophoritis | inflammation of ovaries
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| PCOS | Polycystic ovary syndrome
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| Adhesions of the fallopian tubes | scar tissue that binds tissue together
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| Endometritis | inflammation of the endometrium
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| Endometriosis | abnormal condition of the endometrium
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| Hysteroptosis | sagging uterus (uterine prolapse)
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| Retro / flexion of uterus | uterus is bent / tipped backward
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| Cervicitis | inflammation of cervix
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| Leukorrhea | whitish discharge usually resulting from inflammation of cervix
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| Vaginal prolapse | downward placement of vagina
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| Pro- | forward
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| -lapse | fall
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| Galactorrhea | abnormal discharge of milk from the breast
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| Mastitis | inflammation of breast
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| Mastoptosis | downward placement of breast
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| Thelitis | inflammation of nipple (Acromastitis)
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| Menorrhagia | abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual period
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| Metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation; may be caused by uterine tear
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| Menometrorrhagia | excessive menstrual flow and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation
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| Premenstrual syndrome | PMS
mood disorder that occurs 1-2 weeks before the menstrual flow
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| Amenorrhea | lack of menstrual flow
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| Dysmenorrhea | painful menstrual flow, cramps
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| Oligomenorrhea | abnormally light or infrequent menstrual flow
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| Polymenorrhea | abnormally frequent menstrual flow
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| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion
-infant's head is larger than pelvic outlet it must pass through thereby inhibiting normal labor or birth
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| Eclampsia | extremely serious form of HTN secondary to pregnancy. Pt is at risk for coma, convulsions and death
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| Preeclampsia | abnormal condition of pregnancy with unknown cause marked by HTN, edema, and proteinuria (toxemia of pregnancy)
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| miscarriage/abortion | termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable
-spontaneous (miscarriage)
-therapeutic (abortion)
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| Ectopic pregnancy | implantation of the embryo in any location but the uterus
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| Erythroblastosis fetalis | Rh negative mother with Rh positive fetus
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| Leiomyoma of the uterus | smooth muscle tumor of uterus
(fibroids)
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| Mature teratoma of the ovary | "dermoid cysts"
usually noncancerous ovarian growth that arise from germ cells
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| Ovarian cyst | benign, fluid filled sac in the ovary
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| Fibroadenoma of breast | noncancerous breast tumors composed of fibrous and glandular tissue
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| Fibrocystic disease | benign condition of the palpable presence of single or multiple cysts in the breasts
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| Endometrial adenocarcinoma | most common cancer of the uterus which develops from cells that line the uterus
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| Leiomyosarcoma | rare type of cancer of the smooth muscle of the uterus
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| Hysterosalpingography | x-ray in which contrast medium is used to image the uterus and fallopian tubes
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| Mammography | used for early detection of breast cancer (mammogram)
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| Pelvic Sonography | high frequency sound waves are used to image pelvic area
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| Sonohysterography | high frequency sound waves are used to image uterus
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| Transvaginal Sonograhy | high frequency sound waves are used to image pelvic cavity obtained through the use of a probe introduced into the vagina
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| Oophorectomy | resection of an ovary
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| Oophorocystectomy | resection of ovarian cyst
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| Salpingectomy | resection of a fallopian tube
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| Salpingolysis | removal of the adhesions in the fallopian tubes to reestablish patency with goal of fertility
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| Hysteropexy | suspension and fixation of prolapsed uterus
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| LEEP | loop electrocautery excision procedure
-done to remove abnormal cells in cervical dysplasia
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| pelvic exenteration | removal of the contents of the pelvic cavity
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| Lumpectomy | removal of a tumor of the breast
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| Mastectomy | removal of the breast
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| Mammoplasty | cosmetic repair of the breast
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| Mastoplexy | reconstructive procedure to lift and fixate the breasts
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| Cerclage | suturing the cervix closed to prevent early delivery
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| CS | cesarean section
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| VBAC | vaginal birth after C-section
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| Episiotomy | incision before vaginal delivery to widen the vaginal oriface to prevent tearing
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| Cephalic delivery | head first
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| Breech delivery | feet or buttock first
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| tubal ligation | sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are cut, ligated and cauterized to prevent pregnancy
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| Salpingosalpingostomy | rejoining of previously cut fallopian tubes to re-establish patency
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| IUD | intrauterine device
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| IVF | in vitro fertilization
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| LMP | last menstrual period
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| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease
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| MMK | Marshall, Marchetti, Kranz
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| TVT | tension-free vaginal opening
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| Vag. hyst. | vaginal hysterectomy
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| TAH-BSO | total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
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| RSO | RIGHT salpingo-oophorectomy
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| LSO | LEFT salpingo-oophorectomy
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