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SRGT Ch8 Terminology
Female Reproductive System Ch8 Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ovum (egg) | (o/o), (ov/i), ov/o) female gamete |
| ovaries | (oophor/o), (ovari/o) organ that releases mature eggs (female gonad) |
| menstruation | (men/o) -menarche (first menstrual period) -menopause (cessation of menstruation) |
| Hormones secreted from: ** | pituitary and corpus luteum |
| Corpus luteum secretes: ** | estrogen and progestrone |
| ovulation ** | cyclical release of an egg |
| fallopian tubes ** | (salping/o), (salpinx) tubes that transport the ovum to the uterus |
| uterus | (hyster/o), (metr/o), (metri/o), (ute) |
| Endometrium | (endometri/o) lining of uterus |
| Myometrium | (myometri/o) muscle layer |
| Perimetrium | (perimetri/o) outer layer |
| Body or Corpus | central area of uterus |
| Cervix | (cervic/o) narrowed lower area or "neck" of uterus |
| rectouterine pouch | (culd/o) "Douglas' cul-de-sac" space in the pelvic cavity between the uterus and rectum |
| vagina | (colp/o), (vagin/o) if egg not fertilized the lining of the uterus is shed through the vagina by the process of menstruation (menses) |
| vulva | (vulv/o) |
| Hymen | (hymen/o) |
| Labia | (labi/o) folds of skin (Minora and Majora) |
| Clitoris | (clitorid/o) |
| Bartholin glands | (bartholin/o) |
| Perineum | (perine/o) area between the opening of vagina and anus |
| Milk ** | (lact/o), (galact/o) |
| nipple ** | (papill/o), (thel/e) mammary papilla |
| areola ** | dark colored skin surrounding the nipple |
| breast (mammary glands)** | (mast/o), (mamm/o) |
| pregnany/gestation | (gravid/o) |
| -gravida (-cyesis) | pregnancy |
| fetus | (fet/o) |
| hormonal function of zygote | hCG (pregnancy hormone) |
| amnion (amnionic fluid) | extraembryonic structure (amni/o), (amnion/o) -amnios |
| -tocia (-para) | labor, delivery |
| umbilicus | (omphal/o), (umbilic/o) belly button or navel |
| chorion | (chori/o), (chorion/o) |
| placenta | (placent/o) highly vascular structure that acts as a physical communication between the mother and embryo |
| umbilical cord | connects embryo to the placenta |
| primigravida | pregnant for first time |
| multigravida | two or more pregnancies |
| nulligravida | never been pregnant |
| parturition | (-para), (part/o), (-partum) <37 weeks premature infant <2500g low birth weight infant |
| primi/para | mother delivered first baby |
| multipara | mother delivered two or more babies |
| nullipara | woman who has never delivered a baby |
| Antenatal/prenatal | pertaining to before birth |
| Postnatal | pertaining to after birth |
| Antepartum | pertaining to before delivery |
| Postpartum | pertaining to after delivery |
| Oophoritis | inflammation of ovaries |
| PCOS | Polycystic ovary syndrome |
| Adhesions of the fallopian tubes | scar tissue that binds tissue together |
| Endometritis | inflammation of the endometrium |
| Endometriosis | abnormal condition of the endometrium |
| Hysteroptosis | sagging uterus (uterine prolapse) |
| Retro / flexion of uterus | uterus is bent / tipped backward |
| Cervicitis | inflammation of cervix |
| Leukorrhea | whitish discharge usually resulting from inflammation of cervix |
| Vaginal prolapse | downward placement of vagina |
| Pro- | forward |
| -lapse | fall |
| Galactorrhea | abnormal discharge of milk from the breast |
| Mastitis | inflammation of breast |
| Mastoptosis | downward placement of breast |
| Thelitis | inflammation of nipple (Acromastitis) |
| Menorrhagia | abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual period |
| Metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation; may be caused by uterine tear |
| Menometrorrhagia | excessive menstrual flow and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation |
| Premenstrual syndrome | PMS mood disorder that occurs 1-2 weeks before the menstrual flow |
| Amenorrhea | lack of menstrual flow |
| Dysmenorrhea | painful menstrual flow, cramps |
| Oligomenorrhea | abnormally light or infrequent menstrual flow |
| Polymenorrhea | abnormally frequent menstrual flow |
| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion -infant's head is larger than pelvic outlet it must pass through thereby inhibiting normal labor or birth |
| Eclampsia | extremely serious form of HTN secondary to pregnancy. Pt is at risk for coma, convulsions and death |
| Preeclampsia | abnormal condition of pregnancy with unknown cause marked by HTN, edema, and proteinuria (toxemia of pregnancy) |
| miscarriage/abortion | termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable -spontaneous (miscarriage) -therapeutic (abortion) |
| Ectopic pregnancy | implantation of the embryo in any location but the uterus |
| Erythroblastosis fetalis | Rh negative mother with Rh positive fetus |
| Leiomyoma of the uterus | smooth muscle tumor of uterus (fibroids) |
| Mature teratoma of the ovary | "dermoid cysts" usually noncancerous ovarian growth that arise from germ cells |
| Ovarian cyst | benign, fluid filled sac in the ovary |
| Fibroadenoma of breast | noncancerous breast tumors composed of fibrous and glandular tissue |
| Fibrocystic disease | benign condition of the palpable presence of single or multiple cysts in the breasts |
| Endometrial adenocarcinoma | most common cancer of the uterus which develops from cells that line the uterus |
| Leiomyosarcoma | rare type of cancer of the smooth muscle of the uterus |
| Hysterosalpingography | x-ray in which contrast medium is used to image the uterus and fallopian tubes |
| Mammography | used for early detection of breast cancer (mammogram) |
| Pelvic Sonography | high frequency sound waves are used to image pelvic area |
| Sonohysterography | high frequency sound waves are used to image uterus |
| Transvaginal Sonograhy | high frequency sound waves are used to image pelvic cavity obtained through the use of a probe introduced into the vagina |
| Oophorectomy | resection of an ovary |
| Oophorocystectomy | resection of ovarian cyst |
| Salpingectomy | resection of a fallopian tube |
| Salpingolysis | removal of the adhesions in the fallopian tubes to reestablish patency with goal of fertility |
| Hysteropexy | suspension and fixation of prolapsed uterus |
| LEEP | loop electrocautery excision procedure -done to remove abnormal cells in cervical dysplasia |
| pelvic exenteration | removal of the contents of the pelvic cavity |
| Lumpectomy | removal of a tumor of the breast |
| Mastectomy | removal of the breast |
| Mammoplasty | cosmetic repair of the breast |
| Mastoplexy | reconstructive procedure to lift and fixate the breasts |
| Cerclage | suturing the cervix closed to prevent early delivery |
| CS | cesarean section |
| VBAC | vaginal birth after C-section |
| Episiotomy | incision before vaginal delivery to widen the vaginal oriface to prevent tearing |
| Cephalic delivery | head first |
| Breech delivery | feet or buttock first |
| tubal ligation | sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are cut, ligated and cauterized to prevent pregnancy |
| Salpingosalpingostomy | rejoining of previously cut fallopian tubes to re-establish patency |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| IVF | in vitro fertilization |
| LMP | last menstrual period |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| MMK | Marshall, Marchetti, Kranz |
| TVT | tension-free vaginal opening |
| Vag. hyst. | vaginal hysterectomy |
| TAH-BSO | total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
| RSO | RIGHT salpingo-oophorectomy |
| LSO | LEFT salpingo-oophorectomy |
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