genetics and heredity
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| The passing of traits from parents to offspring. | HEREDITY
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| A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes. | TRAIT
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| The scientific study of heredity. | GENETICS
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| The process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism. | FERTILIZATION
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| The offspring of many generations that have the same traits. | PUREBRED
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| The set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. | GENE
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| The different forms of a gene. | ALLELES
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| An allele whose trait always shows up in an organism when the allele is present. | DOMINANT ALLELE
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| An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present. | RECESSIVE ALLELE
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| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait. | HYBRID
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| A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur. | PROBABILITY
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| A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. | PUNNETT SQUARE
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| An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits. | PHENOTYPE
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| Having two identical alleles for a trait. | HOMOZYGOUS
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| Having two different alleles for a trait. | HETEROZYGOUS
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| A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive. | CODOMINANCE
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| The process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. | MEIOSIS
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| RNA that copies the coded message from DNA in the nucleus and carries the message into the cytoplasm. | MESSENGER RNA
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| RNA in the cytoplasm that carries an amino acid to the ribosomes and adds it to the growing protein chain. | TRANSFER RNA
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| An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations. | GENOTYPE
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