EA 9th bio unit 26.2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| material that makes up most of the skeleton of the fetus of a vertebrate | cartilage
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| What structure characteristic is unique to vertebrates? | backbone
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| functions of an exoskeleton | protection, support, movement, prevents water loss
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| individual parts of an endoskeleton | bones
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| process in which cartilage is replace by bone | ossification
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| What are the 2 nutrients needed for proper bone development? | vitamin d and calcium
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| importance of haversian canals | found in the bone and provide places for blood vessels and nerves
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| 4 types of moveable joints | ball and socket, hinge, pivot, and gliding
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| importance of vitamin d in bone | allows bone to collect the calcium
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| importance of calcium in bones | gives energy and strength to the bone
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| a tough, elastic, connective tissus that attaches muscle to bone is a____ | tendon
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| nonstriated or__muscles move many of the internal parts of the body.involuntary controlled | smooth
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| bones connected with one another at a __ that is often flexible, aiding the movement of an organism or its parts. | joint
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| __is controlled by hormones and involves the shedding of the exoskeleton | molting
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| the support structures found in many complex animals make up the__ | skeletal system
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| living cells that are found within the minerals of a bone | osteocyte
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| during muscle contraction, one end of the muscle and the bone to which it is attached do not move. site is called__ | point of origin
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| during muscle contraction, one end of the muscle and the bone to which it is attached move. | point of insertion
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| protein that composes the thicker part of the filaments in striated muscle | myosine
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| muscles | specialized tissue. work with the skeleton to provide movement in vertebrates and arthropods
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| muscle tone | provides enough contraction of muscles to support the body and keep the muscles ready for quick contractions
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| striated | voluntary muscles. one of 3 types of vertebrate muscles. most important in terms of locomotion
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| extensor | the muscle which when contracted, causes a joint to straighten. triceps
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| flexor | muscle in which when contracted causes the bending of a joint. biceps.
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| periosteum | all bones are enclosed by an outer layer called__
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| joints are held together by a connective tissues called | ligaments
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| bone marrow | compact bone, the center cavity contains this tissue.
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| gliding joints | give bones flexibility
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| fixed joints are in | the skull
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| type of joint formed by the joining of the femur and pelvis is called | ball-and-socket
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| jet propulsion | used by jellyfish, they push water underneath to push in the opposite direction of the water.
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| water vascular system | starfish
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| setae | small hairlike structures that are on each segment of the worm.
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| elbow | hinge
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| shoulder and hip | ball and socket
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| hypo of sliding filaments | contracts fully or not at all
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| CP | creatine phosphate. formed when ATP donates phosphate molecules to creatine. when energy is needed, the phosphate is released to join ADP to form ATP. the creatine is the reused
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| oxygen debt | when cell is obtaining ATP energy, anaerobic respiration.
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| osteoporosis | loss of bone minerals
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| structure of bones | osteocytes(bone cells). has haversian canals, controlled by striated muscle
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| exoskeleton | external, found in arthropods
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| arthropods | moves using muscle and skeletons. opposite muscle movement occurs. muscle on inside of exoskeleton
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| fiber | long cells in striated muscle that have many nuclei, made of fibrils
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| fibrils | make up fibers
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| sarcomere | part of the fibril from one Z line to another
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| actin | thinner filament
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| acetycholine | causes a release of calcium ions to muscle fibers
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| density | mass/volume
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| marrow | stores fat
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| spongy bone | tough tissue, not containing minerals
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| z lines | actin point of attachment
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| periosteum | bones' outer covering
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| minerals | osteoblasts store___
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