Holt Modern Biology Chapter 9 Vocabulary Flashcards
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| Allele | The alternative forms of a gene.
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| Anther | The male parts of a flower where pollen can be found
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| Cross-Pollination | A reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant.
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| Dominant | The allele that masks another allele
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| F1 Generation | The offspring of the P generation
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| F2 Generation | The offspring of the F1 generation
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| Genetics | The study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring.
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| Heredity | The transmission of traits from parent to offspring
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| Law of independent assortment | Factors are randomly separated during the formation of gametes
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| Law of segregation | Factors are separated during the formation of gametes.
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| Molecular Genetics | The study of the structure and function of chromosomes and genes
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| P1 Generation | A strain obtained through self pollination
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| Pollination | The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the same species
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| Pure | Organisms that always produce offspring with that trait
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| Recessive | An allele that is masked by another allele
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| Self-Pollination | Involves the same flower, flowers on the same plant, or two genetically identical plants
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| Strain | Plants that are pure for a particular trait
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| Stigma | Female parts of a flower
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| Trait | A category within which alternate characteristics, such as height and eye color, can be observed
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| Codominance | Both phenotypes show in heterozygous offspring
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| Complete Dominance | One allele is completely dominant over another allele
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| Dihybrid Cross | A cross between individuals that involves the pairing of contrasting traits
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| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism
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| Phenotype | The physical appearance of a trait
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| Monohybrid Cross | A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
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| Genotypic Ratio | The probability ratio of genotypes produced by a cross
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| Phenotypic Ratio | The probability ratio of phenotypes produced by a cross
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| Heterozygous | A gene pair in which two alleles do not code for the same trait
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| Homozygous | A gene pair in which two alleles code for the same trait
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| Incomplete Dominance | The phenotype of a heterozygous individual appears to blend
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| Probability | The likelihood that a specific event will occur
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| Punnett Square | A model used to establish the probabilities of the results of a genetic cross
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| Test cross |
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