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Ch 9: Genetics Vocab
Holt Modern Biology Chapter 9 Vocabulary Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allele | The alternative forms of a gene. |
| Anther | The male parts of a flower where pollen can be found |
| Cross-Pollination | A reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant. |
| Dominant | The allele that masks another allele |
| F1 Generation | The offspring of the P generation |
| F2 Generation | The offspring of the F1 generation |
| Genetics | The study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring. |
| Heredity | The transmission of traits from parent to offspring |
| Law of independent assortment | Factors are randomly separated during the formation of gametes |
| Law of segregation | Factors are separated during the formation of gametes. |
| Molecular Genetics | The study of the structure and function of chromosomes and genes |
| P1 Generation | A strain obtained through self pollination |
| Pollination | The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the same species |
| Pure | Organisms that always produce offspring with that trait |
| Recessive | An allele that is masked by another allele |
| Self-Pollination | Involves the same flower, flowers on the same plant, or two genetically identical plants |
| Strain | Plants that are pure for a particular trait |
| Stigma | Female parts of a flower |
| Trait | A category within which alternate characteristics, such as height and eye color, can be observed |
| Codominance | Both phenotypes show in heterozygous offspring |
| Complete Dominance | One allele is completely dominant over another allele |
| Dihybrid Cross | A cross between individuals that involves the pairing of contrasting traits |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism |
| Phenotype | The physical appearance of a trait |
| Monohybrid Cross | A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits |
| Genotypic Ratio | The probability ratio of genotypes produced by a cross |
| Phenotypic Ratio | The probability ratio of phenotypes produced by a cross |
| Heterozygous | A gene pair in which two alleles do not code for the same trait |
| Homozygous | A gene pair in which two alleles code for the same trait |
| Incomplete Dominance | The phenotype of a heterozygous individual appears to blend |
| Probability | The likelihood that a specific event will occur |
| Punnett Square | A model used to establish the probabilities of the results of a genetic cross |
| Test cross |
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