Holes Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Ch 9 Vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | Nerve cell
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| Nerve Impulse | show 🗑
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| show | Portion of a nerve cell that includes a cytoplasmic mass and a nucleus from which nerve fibers extend.
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| Dendrite | show 🗑
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| show | A nerve fiber; it conducts a nerve impulse away from the neuron cell body.
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| show | Bundles of axons
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| show | Cells that are part of nervous tissue that provide physical support, insulation, and nutrients for neurons.
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| Central Nervous System | show 🗑
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| show | Connects the CNS to the other body parts
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| Sensory Receptors | show 🗑
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| Effectors | show 🗑
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| Somatic Nervous System | show 🗑
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| show | Portion of the nervous system that controls the viscera.
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| show | A neuroglial cell that supports neurons and phagocytizes
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| Oligodendrocytes | show 🗑
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| Astrocytes | show 🗑
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| Ependymal cells | show 🗑
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| show | A type of neuroglial cell that surrounds an axon of a peripheral neuron, forming the neurilemmal sheath and myelin
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| Neurofibrils | show 🗑
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| Chromatophilic substance | show 🗑
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| show | Sheath formed from Schwann cells on the outside of some axons
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| show | Narrow gaps between Schwann cells
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| show | A sensitive part of an axon where a nerve impulse originates
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| show | Neurons with a single process extending from the cell body that branches into two, one side acting as an axon and the other as a dendrite.
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| show | Neurons with two processes, one of which is an axon and the other is a dendrite
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| Multipolar Neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Masses of neuron cell bodies, usually outside of the CNS
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| Sensory Neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Lie entirely in the brain or spinal cord and direct incoming sensory impulses to the appropriate parts for processing and interpreting
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| Motor Neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Electrically charged
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| Action Potential | show 🗑
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| show | Difference in electrical charge between two regions
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| Resting Potential | show 🗑
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| Depolarizing | show 🗑
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| show | Stimulation level that must be exceeded to elicit a nerve impulse
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| show | Additive effect of several subthreshold stimuli
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| All-or-none response | show 🗑
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| show | The routes that nerve impulses travel
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| Synapse | show 🗑
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| show | The gap between two communicating neurons
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| Presynaptic Neuron | show 🗑
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| show | The neuron that receives the input or the receiver
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| Synaptic Transmission | show 🗑
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| Neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| Synaptic knob | show 🗑
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| show | Neurotransmitters that increase the postsynaptic membrane permeability to sodium ions and bring it closer to threshold
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| show | Neurotransmitters that decrease the postsynaptic membrane permeability to sodium ions and make it less likely that threshold will be reached
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| show | Groups of neurons that make hundreds of synaptic connections with each other and work together to perform a common function
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| Facilitation | show 🗑
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| show | Nerve impulses arriving at the same neuron
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| Divergence | show 🗑
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| show | Afferent fibers; bring sensory information to the CNS
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| Motor Fibers | show 🗑
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| Sensory Nerves | show 🗑
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| Motor Nerves | show 🗑
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| Mixed Nerves | show 🗑
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| show | The simplest nerve pathway that includes only a few neurons and is the structural and functional basis for the reflexes.
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| Reflex | show 🗑
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| Meninges | show 🗑
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| show | The outermost layer of the meninges.
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| show | A thin, weblike membrane without blood vessels that lies between the dura and pia maters.
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| show | A thin membrane that contains many nerves and blood vessels that nourishes the underlying cells of the brain and spinal cord.
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| show | A clear watery fluid that is found in the ventricles of the brain, subarachnoid space of the meninges, and the central canal of the spinal cord.
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| show | A slender nerve column that passes downward from the brain into the vertebral canal.
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| Spinal Nerves | show 🗑
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| show | Tracts in the spinal cord that carry sensory information to the brain
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| show | Tracts in the spinal cord that conduct motor impulses from the brain to the muscles and glands
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| show | Portion of the brain that occupies the upper part of the cranial cavity and provides higher mental functions.
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| show | Portion of the brain that contains the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
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| Cerebellum | show 🗑
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| Cerebral cortex | show 🗑
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| Diencephalon | show 🗑
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| Cerebral hemispheres | show 🗑
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| show | The region of the brain from which impulses to muscles or glands originate
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| Sensory Areas | show 🗑
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| show | Region of the cerebral cortex controlling memory, reasoning, judgement, and emotions
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