Ch. 19 us history Identifications
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| Mary Lease | American lecturer, writer, political activist.She was an advocate of the suffrage movement as well as temperance but she was best known for her work with the Populist party.
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| Civil War pensions | an arrangement to provide people with an income when they are no longer earning a regular income from employment. Pensions should not be confused with severance pay; the former is paid in regular installments, while the latter is paid in one lump sum
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| James A. Blaine | a U.S. Representative,Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator from Maine, two-timeSecretary of State. He was nominated for president in 1884, but lost a close race to Democrat Grover Cleveland.
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| Pendleton Act | federal law (1883) gov. jobs based on merit, can't fire or demote for political affiliation
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| Benjamin Harrison | 23rd President of the United States. Grandson of the 9th President William Henry Harrison. Took part in the closet elections in America’s history. Harrison won EC 233 to 168. Cleveland’s popular vote won by 100,000.
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| McKinley Tariff | Drafted by Representative William McKinley of Ohio and Senator Nelson W. Aldrich of Ohio, became law in October 1890. Highest protective measure ever proposed to Congress.
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| Montgomery Ward & Co. | Founded by a corporation that emerged specifically to meet the needs of the Grangers. It was a mail-order business and was founded in 1872.
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| Tom Watson | generally known as Tom Watson, was a United States politician from Georgia. He championed poor farmers/working class; later controversial publisher/politician who supported KKK. Two years prior to his death, he was elected to Senate.
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| James B. Weaver | 1892 presidential election; People’s Party candidate, advocated for substantial economic reform
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| “Colored Alliances” | African-American populists; white Poplulists struggled with allowing Blacks in the party, wanted to maintain indisputable control over party
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| “Bourbons” | Name for planter aristocracy; termed after the traditional French royal family (Henry IV- Charles X)
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| Coxey’s Army | “army” of unemployed men who walked from rural Ohio to DC; led by Jacob S. Coxey, advocated massive public works program to create jobs and inflate currency
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| Specie | Term for precious metal; could be redeemed for paper money at bank or US Treasury
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| “Crime of 1873” | 1873: Congress discontinues silver coinage (no biggie)- silver miners lose profits, currency can’t be expanded through silver; Americans (idiots) believe conspiracy of bankers were responsible for “demonetization” of silver
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| Currency/Gold Standard Act of 1900 | Assigned specific gold value to the dollar (standardized value of US currency); confirmed US commitment to gold standard
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