Identifications chp4
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| Albany Plan 1756 | Benjamin Franklin came up with this to unite the 11 American Colonies
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| Lexington/Concord | sites of the first Battle of the defeated British
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| Minutemen | civilian soldiers
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| Stamp Act 1765 | Law passed by parliament to make colonists buy a stamp to place on many items such as wills and newspapers
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| Townsend Acts | Laws passed by Parliament in 1767 that set taxes on imports to the colonies.
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| Boston Massacre | Conflict between colonists and British soldiers in which four colonists were killed in the winter of 1770.
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| Tea Act 1773 | Colonists in Boston rebel, dumping 18,000 pounds of East India Company tea into Boston Harbor. Tea merchants are shut out.
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| Crispus Attucks | sailor of African American ancestry, arrived with a group of angry laborers; first to die in the Boston Massacre.
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| Sam Adams | One of the founders of the Sons of Liberty
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| Battle at Yorktown | battle where American forces joined French forces. British surrendered, immediate cause to independence.
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| Boston Tea Party | 1773 Several colonists snuck aboard a British ship carrying tea in Boston Harbor. They dumped all of the ship's tea into the Harbor
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| John Adams | 2nd President of the United States
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| First Continental Congress | 56 delegates met in Philadelphia and drew up a declaration of colonial rights. They supported the protests in Massachusetts and stated that if the British used force against the colonies, the colonies should fight back.
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| Battle of Trenton | Christmas 1776, Washington and his army struck back crossing the Delaware River. The colonial army captured almost 1,000 British soldiers. Americans won this battle.
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| Sons of Liberty | Boston shopkeepers, artisans, and laborers organized this secret resistance group, founded by Samuel Adams
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| Committees of Correspondence | organization to communicate with other colonies and other threats to American liberties.
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| Bunker Hill | took place in Charlestown Massachusetts, British capture peninsula; British against Americans
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| Common Sense | Thomas Paine wrote this, he argued that independence would lead to a better society
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| Battle of Monmouth | New Jersey; Britain and Germany troops allied against American Continental army. Britain wore redcoats; George Washington led the Americans, Sir Henry Clinton led the British; this battle was said to be a tie but the Americans took the land in the end.
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| Regulars | Well organized soldiers in the armed forces
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| Loyalists | stayed loyal to Britain
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| Hessians | German soldiers who fought for the Revolutionary War
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| Profiteering | selling goods that are difficult to come by for a profit.
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| Valley Forge | Miserable winter outside of Philadelphia in the woods where soldiers stayed.
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| Saratoga | turning point of the Revolutionary War
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| Benedict Arnold | traitor to the patriots
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| Thomas Jefferson | one of the founding fathers, wrote the declaration of independence
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| Patriots | people who support independence
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| John Locke | said that people have "natural rights" to life, liberty, and property. Also argued that citizens form a social contract with their government.
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| "taxation without representation" | protest by the colonists after the Townsend Acts were passed
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| Declaration of Independence | document signed to grant freedom in the United States. 1776 written by Thomas Jefferson and signed the founding fathers
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| "England's Vietnam" | American Revolution
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| 2nd Continental Congress | delegates from the First Continental Congress met again. During the meeting, some leaders urged independence from Great Britain. ; Created the Continental Army
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| Benjamin Franklin | Creator of the movement, the Enlightenment. One of the founding fathers of the United States
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| John Hancock | patriot and one of our country's founding fathers; signed the Declaration of Independence
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| George Washington | First president, led his troops through a harsh winter at Valley Forge
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| Olive Branch Petition | Continental Congress sent King George III a peace offering urging a return to the "former harmony" between Britain and the colonies.
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| Social Contract theory | agreement
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| Lafayette | French man; offered his help to Washington's army; helped improve the fighting ability of the Continental Army
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| Von Steuben | Prussian officer and expert drill master who trained the American troops; helped improve the fighting ability of the Continental Army
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