McCance
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| filamentous bacteria | bacteria that resemble fungi. (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
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| spirochetes | motile bacteria
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| true bacteria | divide by binary fission, cocci, bacilli, vibrios, spirilla. Most diseases in this category.
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| mycoplasma | smallest and most simple member
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| rickettsia | intracellular parasite, bacteria
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| bacteria | prokaryotic unicellular microorganism, no nuclie, mitochondria, or membrane-bound organelle
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| chlamydia | intracellular bacteria, but more complex than rickettsia
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| Gram negative | does not retain crystal violet dye, LPS coating that produces endotoxin
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| pili | way bacteria adhese for colonization. thin-rod like projections from bateria surface
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| exotoxins | proteins released during bacterial growth; immunogenic-produce antitoxins. vaccine available for DTP
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| Endotoxins | LPS, lipopolysaccharides, gram neg bacteria-pyrogenic, released during lysis of bacteria, antibiotics can't prevent, cause of septic shock, DIC.
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| IgA protease | breaks down Fc receptor. bacterial protective mechanism by menigitis causing microbes-S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, N. meningitidis, N. gonhorrhoeae
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| Teichoic acid | found in gram positive cell wall that resists against complement-mediated lysis
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| Clostridia | anaaerobic, produce most powerful toxins known-bolutism, blocks ACh-causing flaccid paralysis; tetanus, gas gangrene, Clostridum difficile-diarrhea.
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| bacterial superantigens | toxins that increase adherence of MCH and t-cell receptors, overproduction of cytokines. TSS, scarlet fever, food poisoning
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| Beta lactamase | enzyme that destroys penicillin
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| Fungi | eukaryotic microorganism, thick rigid cell walls with capacity to form a variety of complex structures.
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| mycosis | fungal infection
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| dermatophyte | tinea, skin mycoses; ringerworm, etc.
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| Viral infection | simple microorganism, do not possess any of the metabolic organelles found in bacteria. intracellular parasites. RNA invade host and replicate
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| reverse transciptase | create double strand DNA, DNA provirus takes over cells DNA.
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| exogenous pyrogens | interleukins 1 & 6 (IL1, IL6). interferon (IFN), tumor necrosis factor (TNF. raise thermoregulatory set point.. (exogeneous pyrogens indirectly affect hypothalamus through endogenous pyrogens)
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| batericidal antibiotics | kill the organsim
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| bacteriostatic antibiotics | inhibit growth until the organism is destroyed by own immune system
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| AZT | azidothymidine, antiviral that suppresse reverse transcriptase. HIV can mutate & resistant
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| Dead bacterial vaccines | pneumococcal pneumonia-not very immunogenic in children; children receive conjugated vaccine that is more effective
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| conjugated bacterial vaccine |
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