RBCs, anemias, hemoglobin, WBC, etc.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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on it to display the answer.
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| The red cell protein that is responsible for deformability and flexibility of the red cell is | spectrin
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| What is the preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy? | iliac crest
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| How would you differentiate basophilic stippling from Pappenheimer bodies? | stain smear with Prussian blue
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| This RBC pathways is responsible for providing 90% of the cellular ATP for RBCs | Embden-Meyerof pathway
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| Glycosolated hemoglobin, or hemoglobin A1c, is found in abnormally increased levels in this condition. | diabetes mellitus
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| Terminally differentiated cells must go through ____________________ to maintain homeostasis. | apoptosis
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| What cytokines can increase the production of erythrocytes, granulocytes, and platelets? | EPO, CFU-GM, and TPO
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| These cells, involved in hematopoeisis, have the ability to self-renew | hematopietic stem cells
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| A patient experiencing neurological complications with a bone marrow aspirate containing erythroblastic hyperplasia and megaloblastic normoblasts would likely be suffering from ____________________________. | pernicious anemia
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| The thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes are all part of the _________________________________. | primary lymphoid tissue
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| This anemia shows decreased marrow cellularity, cytopenias in two cellular elements, and a reticulocytopenia _________________________________________. | Aplastic anemia
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| How do you calculate an absolute cell count? | Percentage of cell type from differential X total cell count = absolute cell count
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| Fetal hemoglobin is made of which chains? | 2 alpha, 2 gamma
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| Hemoglobin A1 is made of which chains? | 2 alpha, 2 beta
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| Hemoglobin A2 is made of which chains? | 2 alpha, 2 delta
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| If a sample is not appropriately mixed before running it on the instrument, which type of error would this be? | Pre-analytical error
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| Auer rods are only found in this cell type. | Myeloblasts
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| Decreased levels of hemopexin and haptoglobin together with elevated bilirubin suggests this. | intravascular hemolysis
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| Microcytic anemias seen in patients with lethargy and pallor should have ________________ studies performed. | Iron
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| When the bone marrow is hypercellular with an M:E ratio of 1:5, what does this mean? | Erythroid hyperplasia is likely present
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| When the bone marrow is hypocellular with an M:E ratio of 1:2, what does this mean? | Myeloid hypoplasia is likely present
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| Which additional hemoglobin types migrate with hemoglobin S on cellulose acetate? | Hemoglobins D and G
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| Hemoglobin Bart's is made of which chains? | 4 gamma
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| Hemoglobin H is made of which chains? | 4 beta
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| Increased levels of 2,3 BPG cause the O2 dissociation curve to shift _______________. | left
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| Decreased levels of 2,3 BPG cause the O2 dissociation curve to shift _______________. | right
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| This is the most common RBC enzymopathy. | G6PD
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| The sugar-water test is used to help identify this condition. | PNH
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| If a Donath-Landsteiner test is positive along with a positive DAT (polyspecific, and anti-C3), which condition should be suspected? | PCH
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| The I antigen system is associated with t condition. | CAD (CAS)
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| When platelet satellitism occurs, what should the technologist do? | request redraw in sodium citrate tube
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| Corrected WBC counts are performed by: | Corrected WBC count = WBC count X (100 / 100+ NRBC count)
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| What is the rule of three in hemoglobin analysis? | approx HCT = HGB X 3 (+/- 3)
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| Smudge cells can be minimized by adding what to the sample prior to slide making? | albumin
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| Platelet aggregation requires this ion. | calcium
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| increased iron, transferrin, TIBC, and ferritin can be associated with which condition? | hereditary hemochromatosis
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| Heinz bodies are composed of | denatured hemoglobin
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| Cabot rings are composed of | mitotic spindles
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| Pappenheimer bodies are composed of | iron
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| Siderotic granules are composed of | iron
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| Howell Jolly bodies are composed of | DNA
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| Basophilic stippling is composed of ______________ and is highly associated with this condition. | RNA; lead poisoning
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| What is the normal range for platelets? | 150,000 - 440,000 x 10^9/L
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| Blood clots are broken down into which products that can be measured in the laboratory? | fibrin degredation products (fibrin split products), D-dimers
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| In automated hematologic instruments, the RBC cell volume and number are used to create the RBC ________________. | histogram
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| What is impedence in terms of automated hematology instruments? | principles where resistance is measured as cells pass through a flow cell and photo-detector to be measured/counted
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| The congenital version of pure red cell aplasia is called what? | Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
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| What is the very first step in the coagulation process after vascular injury? | vasoconstriction
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| In automated hemotology instrumentation, side scatter is used to determine what? | cell granularity
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| In automated hemotology instrumentation, forward scatter is used to determine what? | cell size / blood counts
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| An abnormally increased osmotic fragility is associated with this condition. | Hereditary spherocytosis
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| An abnormally elevated ESR is associated with which conditions? | inflammation, increased proteins/globulins, multiple myeloma, etc.
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| These cells are involved in resorption and remodeling of calcified bone | Osteoclasts
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| These cells form calcified bone | Osteoblasts
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| The slow circulation of the spleen helps with various splenic functions including | 1. Culling 2. Pitting 3. Immune Defense 4. Storage
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| The major RBC phospholipids include: | Phosphatidylcholine (PC) Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) Phosphatidylserine (PS) Sphingomyeline (SM)
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| The RBC sodium/potassium pumps functions by: | Hydrolyzing 1 mole of ATP to remove 3Na+ and take up 2K+
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| The RBC metabolic pathway which creates 5-10% of the RBC energy by producing NADPH is? | Hexose Monophosphate Shunt
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| This RBC metabolic pathway serves to maintain heme iron in the reduced (ferrous) state Fe++ | Methemoglobin Reductase Pathway
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| This RBC metabolic pathway is condered part of the glcolytic pathway. | Rapoport-Leubering Shunt
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| Under normal circumstances, what is the percentage of extravascular and intravascular hemolysis in destroying aged RBCs. | 90% takes place extravascularly 10% takes place intravascularly
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| This hemoglobin is in the relaxed state | Oxyhemoglobin
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| This hemoglobin is in the tense state | Deoxyhemoglobin
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| This abnormal hemoglobin has an affinity for CO is 200 times higher than for O2 | Carboxyhemoglobi
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| This form of hemoglobin has iron in the ferric (Fe+++) state | Methemoglobin
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| Basophilia is associated with: | inflammatory response, Immediate hypersensitivity reactions
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| Eosinophilia is associated with: | Allergic diseases, parasitic infections, toxic reactions, GI disease, RT diseases, neoplastic disorders
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| A fully activated terminal form of the B lymph is called a: | Plasma cell
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| The term "VCS" stands for this in Beckman-Coulter hematology automation. | V = Volume, C = Conductivity, S = Scatter
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| The acid elution test looks for: | Fetal hemoglobin
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| Macrocytosis is associated with: | imparied DNA synthesis, recticulocytosis, Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, other diseases
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| What is a RPI and what is its purpose? | Reticulocyte Production Index; The idea of the RPI is to assess whether the BM is producing an appropriate response to an anemic state
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| These anemias are associated with RPIs <1 | aplastic anemia, IDA, ACD, etc.
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| This is the second most common enzyme deficiency (after G6PD) | PK deficiency
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| A hypoproliferative condition involving mulitlineage hematopoietic precursor cells would lead to: | Pancytopenia
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| WAIHA accounts for which % of AIHA? | Accounts for ~ 70% of all cases
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| Cold AIHA is associated most commonly with which immunoglobulin class? | IgM
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| Raynaud’s phenomenon is most commonly associated with which anemia? | Cold AIHA
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| This is a multisystem disorder associated with RBC fragmentation, thrombocytopenia, acute nephropathy (which can include renal failure) | Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
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| This condition is associated with a deficiency in ADAMTS13 protease | Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
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| HELLP syndrome stands for: | Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count
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