CLS 308 - Hepatitis
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| List the types of Hepatitis | A - Infectious
B, D - Serum
C - Parenterally transmitted
E - Enterically transmitted
G - Others
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| What are the causes of viral hepatitis? | Hep A, B, C, D, E, and G
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr
Herpes Simplex
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| Clinical manifestations of Hepatitis | Flu-like symptoms, Fatigue, Fever, Myalgia, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Hepatomegaly
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| Lab findings of Hepatitis | Dark urine, light feces, Increased bilirubin, Liver enzymes increased
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| How is Hepatitis A transmitted? | Fecal-Oral route
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| What is the time frame of a Hepatitis A infection? | Incubation period of 28 days.
Abrupt onset. 1-8 weeks.
Resolves itself. No chronic state
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| What is the treatment of Hep. A? | Gamma Globulins given to immuno compromised patients exposed to Hep. A.
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| What are the preventions of Hep. A? | Proper personal hygiene, Proper sanitation, and Vaccination.
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| How is Hep. E transmitted? | Fecal-oral route. RNA virus.
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| List the tests used to diagnose Hep. E. | Anti-HEV IgM
Anti-HEV IgG
HEV RNA
ELISA
Western Blot
Fluorescent antibody blocking assay
HEV RNA - PCR
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| How is Hepatitis B transmitted? | Parenteral Route
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| What are the clinical manifestations of Hep. B? | Chronic HBV, Cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma. May be asymptomatic.
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| What are the markers used in Hep. B? | HBsAG - Hep B Surface Ag (1st active)
HBeAG - Hep B Envelope Ag (2nd)
IgM anti-HBc - Hep B core
Anti-HBe
Anti-HBs
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| How can Hepatitis B be prevented? | Prevent transmission
Vaccinations
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| What is the occurrence of infection of Hepatitis D? | Hep D is parenterally transmitted with the presence of Hep B.
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| How is Hep C transmitted? | Unprotected sex, Blood/body fluid exposure, IV drug use.
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| What are the clinical manifestations of Hep C? | Hepatocellular carcinoma
chronic infection with cirrhosis
immune complexes.
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| What are the outcomes of Hepatitis C? | Most continue the infection, becoming chronically ill or a carrier.
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| What are the lab findings of Hep C? | Anti-HCV
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| How is Hepatitis G transmitted? | Blood borne
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| What tests are used in determining Hep G? | ELISA, HGV RNA, and Western blot
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