J Sarge ClinChem Test 3 Vocabulary
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| ARDS | Respiratory distress syndrome of the adult; acquired respiratory failure
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| Basal metabolic rate | Baseline rate of metabolism based on gender and weight (in kcal/24hr
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| Celiac sprue (glutin intolerance) | Malabsorption syndrome resulting from intolerance to dietary wheat proteins
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| Crohn's disease | Inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that can lead to intestinal obstruction
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| Cyanotic | Characterized by bluish appearance due to lack of tissue oxygenation
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| Duodenum | The first part of the small intestine that is adjacent to the pyloric region of the stomach
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| Diurnal variations | Changes in chemical levels during the day, especially when comparing two different times
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| Edematous | Puffed up due to visible accumulation of fluids
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| emphysema | Chronic pulmonary disease marked by abnormal increase in the airspaces and destructive changes in their walls
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| Exocrine glands | Glands that secrete externally through ducts
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| Fio2 | Amount of oxygen available to breath
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| Gastritis | Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
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| Glucocorticoids | Adrenal cortical hormones primarily active in protecting against stress and affecting protein and carbohydrate metabolism
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| Homeostasis | The state of dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment of the body that is maintained by processes of feedback and regulation in response to external or internal changes
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| Hyperkalemia | Increased potassium in blood plasma
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| Hyponatremia | Decreased sodium in blood plasma
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| Hypophysis | Pituitary or master endocrine gland
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| Hypoxia | Decreased oxygen supply to tissue despite adequate perfusion of the tissue
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| Idiopathic | Without a recognizable cause
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| Intrinsic factor | Glycoprotein that is secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa; necessary for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12 through the intestinal mucosa
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| Iontophorisis | Introduction of a drug through intact skin by the application of a direct electric current
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| Lumen | Space within a tube, such as a blood vessel or the esophagus
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| Micronutrient | Organic compound, such as a vitamin, or chemical element essential in minute amounts in the diet
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| Mineralocorticoids | Steroid molecules that influence blood electrolyte levels
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| Negative feedback | Stabilizing a process by reducing its rate or output when its effects are too great
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| Oxyhemaglobin (o2Hb) | The combined form of hemoglobin with oxygen; a measure of the ultilization of the potential oxygen transport capacity
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| p50 | The midway point of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, representing the oxygen tension (in mm Hg) when the hemoglobin molecules are 50% saturated with oxygen
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| Pernicious anemia | Autoimmune disease in which antibodies affect intrinsic factor and cause vitamin B12 deficiency
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| Phosphatidyl choline | Phospholipid lung surfactant; also known as lecithin
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| Pilocarpine | A muscarinic alkaloid drug that can induce sweating
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| Point-of-care testing (POCT) | Testing that does not require specimen preparation ond provides rapid results at or near the patient's location
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| Secretin | Hormone secreted by duodenal mucosa; stimulates sodium bicarbonate secretion by the pancreas and bile secretion by the liver
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| SO2 | Oxygen saturation; a measure of the utilization of the current oxygen transport capacity
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| Steatorrhea | Failure to digest or absorb fats in the gastrointestinal tract
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| Steroids | High molecular weight compounds with carbon atoms in a four-ring structure similar to cholesterol
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| Sweat test | Test for cystic fiborsis that involves involves measuring the subject's sweat for abnormally high sodium chlorine content
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| Thyrotoxicosis | Acute illness due to hyperthyroidism
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| Thyroxine (T4) | Main hormone synthesized in the thyroid gland, also known as 3,5,3`,5` -tetraiodothy-ronine
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| Transcutaneous | Through the skin, not invading invading the body through a puncture; percutaneous
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| Triiodothyronine (T3) | More potent thyroid hormone, also known as 3,5,3` -triiodothyronine
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| Tropoins | Stimulating protein hormones
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