OCTH 712 exam 2 q&a
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| which would contribute to deceleration of the body while ambulating a. concentric contraction of gastrocnemius b. concentric contraction of hamstrings c. eccentric contraction of hamstrings d. concentric contraction of glutes | c. eccentric contraction of hamstrings
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| the LOG in optimal standing posture traverses all of these except a. ear b. slightly anterior to shoulder c. slightly posterior to greater trochanter d. anterior to patella | d. anterior to patella
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| all of the following are general recommendations for optimal seated positioning except a. 90 degree bend at hips, knees, and elbows b. wrists extended while typing c. setting top of monitor at eye level d. using lumbar support | b. wrists extended when typing
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| anterior pelvic tilt is most likely to result in which a. tightness of hip flexors b. tightness of hamstrings c. downward orientation of upper body, head, and neck d. rounding of upper back | a. tightness of hip flexors
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| posterior pelvic tilt may contribute to all but which a. decreased chest expansion during respiration b. downward orientation of the upper body and head c. elongation of abs d. decreased lumbar lordosis | c. elongation of abs
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| trendelenberg gait involves dropping of the pelvis on the ipsilateral leg during the swing phase of gait, weakness of which muscle may contribute to this pattern of ambulation | gluteus medius
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| an indiv with hemiplegia demonstrating weakness of one side of the body would be most likely to demonstrate which of the following gait patterns a. antalgic b. scissor c. trendelenburg's d. circumduction | d. circumduction
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| what type of transfer would an individual with complete paralysis of LEs but good upper body strength and core stability be able to complete independently | sliding board
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| all of the following would enhance an indiv's functional stability except: a. narrowing stance b. carrying objects closer to body c. using a mobility device d. using footwear that fits well like rubber-like-soles | a. narrowing stance
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| which of the following motions of the LE does not contribute to acceleration of the gait a. ankle plantarflexion b. knee flexion c. hip flexion d. pelvic rotation | c. hip flexion
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| leisure occupations that involve repetitive weight-bearing through the foot may contribute to which of the following a. foot drop b. circumduction gait c. plantar fasciitis d. hemiparesis | c. plantar fasciitis
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| injury to fibular nerve would most likely result in which of the following a. plantar fasciitis b. circumduction gait pattern c. foot drop d. trendelenburg's gait pattern | c. foot drop
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| arches of foot provide all for LE except: a. shock absorption at inf. aspect of LE b. reduce impact of ascending forces of knee, hip, and spine c. stabilize bones of foot d. provide active force for plantarflexion of foot and ankle | d. provide active force for plantarflexion of foot and ankle
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| what joint provides eversion and inversion of the ankle accommodating functional mobility on uneven surfaces a. talocrural b. subtalar c. intertarsal d. transverse tarsal | b. subtalar
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| which joints separate the hindfoot and midfoot a. transverse tarsal joint b. intertarsal joint c. talocrural joint d. subtalar joint | a. transverse tarsal joint
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| essential purpose of the intrinsic foot muscles a. indiv. motion of toes b. generate force for dorsiflexion & plantarflexion of foot & ankle c. generate force for eversion & inversion of ankle & foot d. stabilize arches of foot during weight-bearing | d. stabilize arches of foot during weight-bearing
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| excessive med. angulation of tibia relative to femur would most likely contribute to osteoarthritis on which aspect of the tibial plateau a. posterior b. lateral c. medial d. anterior | c. medial
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| screw-home mechanism involves __ to stabilize joint surfaces of knee standing a. med. rotation of fibula relative to tibia b. lat. rotation of tibia relative to femur c. lat. rotation of femur relative to tibia d. med. rotation of tibia relative to femur | b. lat. rotation of tibia relative to femur
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| to decreases force demands of quads and improve safety with bathroom transfers which would be the most beneficial modification a. raised toilet seat b. tub shower c. hardwood or linoleum flooring d. lower toilet seat | a. raised toilet seat
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| the functional purpose of the patella includes all of the following except... a. increasing moment arm of quads for knee extension b. providing ant. stability to knee during flexion c. remains static with motion of knee d. provides a protective covering | c. remains static with motion of knee
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| which anatomical landmarks creates the highest-pressure areas when sitting and should be monitored for skin breakdown and prevention of pressure sores | sacrum and ischial tuberosities
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| if a client has a hip width of 16" and distance from PSIS to back of knee of 18", based on this what would you recommend as the ideal measurement of the wheelchair seat a. 22" wide 24" deep b. 16" wide 18" deep c. 18" wide 16" deep d. 15" wide 17" deep | c. 18" wide 16" deep
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| which of the following is not a common hip precaution after hip arthroplasty a. avoid external rotation b. avoid adduction c. avoid weight bearing d. avoid extreme flexion | c. avoid weight-bearing
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| anterior pelvic tilt has what impact on the lumbar spine | increases lordosis
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| donning socks by propping one leg over the opposite knee requires which of the following motions of the hip a. flexion and external rotation b. abduction and internal rotation c. flexion and internal rotation d. extension and external rotation | a. flexion and external rotation
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| ambulation involves which of the following motions of the pelvis a. rotation b. elevation and depression c. tilt d. all of the above | d. all of the above
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| tightness of which of the following muscle groups would be associated with posterior pelvic tilt | hip extensors
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| malalignment of the ASIS in the frontal plane may indicate which of the following asymmetrical positions of the pelvis | rotation
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| which joint describes the articulation between the vertebral column and pelvis | sacroiliac joint
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| T/F treat toe-touch weight-bearing as non-weight-bearing | true
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| T/F ROM and strength are both compromised in an individual with an ataxic gait | false, lack of coordination is the cause
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| which of the following is the most stable positioning of the feet when using a front wheeled walker a. feet by front legs of walker b. just feet c. feet away from walker d. stepping with a walker | a. feet by front legs of walker
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| foot drop is an abnormal gait pattern that is common after suffering from a stroke or a TBI, this results because of the loss of what movement of the foot/lower extremities | ankle dorsiflexion
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| what anatomical structure do you have to measure and fit and individual for an assistive ambulatory device | distal wrist crease
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| abnormal muscle tone with tightness of the hip adductors can lead to which type of gait | scissor
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| your client swings their leg in a semicircle outside of their gait, what condition do they have | circumduction
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| your client swings their leg in a semicircle outside of their gait, what condition do they have | circumduction
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| as the left leg swings forward, the left pelvis shifts ____ ____ ____ ____ | anteriorly by 3 degrees
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| acceleration is the ____ ____ ____ applied to the foot from the ground | anterior shear force
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| swing phase calls for ____% of gait cycle and stance phase calls for ____% | 40; 60
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| T/F: when the LOG falls within the BOS, the body is anatomically unstable | false
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| when descending stairs, a client with a cane should... a. lead the cane down first, b. step down with stronger leg first, c. step down with weaker leg first, d. step down with weaker leg and cane first | d. step down with weaker leg and cane first
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| a client needs about 40% assistance while transferring, what level of assistance would you document | moderate
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| what types of conditions are forearm crutches used for (choose 2) a. MS, b. broken tibia, c. cerebral palsy, d. hemiparesis, e. weakness | a. MS and c. cerebral palsy
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| which type of walker would you not recommend for someone that needs to weight bear and why | 4 wheeled, unstable and can roll with pressure
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| your client is experiencing weakness on the left side due to a recent fall on that side, gait is normal, need help around the house especially with stairs, which assistive device would you give them | J-cane
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| your client presents with flexion of the thoracic spine and protraction of the neck with their ASIS higher than their PSIS, what condition might they have a. swayback, b. Dowager's hump, c. flat back, d. leg length discrepancy | b. Dowager's hump
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| your client says they are a side-sleeper, which bony prominence is most affected and might be likely to develop a pressure sore a. scapula, b. sacrum, c. rib cage, d. greater trochanter, e. olecranon | d. greater trochanter
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| what type of positioning is relative to the position of the segments of the body that changes in response due to demands of an activity | posture
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| T/F: sit to stand is most difficult when the patient is in anterior tilt because when the pelvis is tilted forward it does not allows the quadricep muscles to fully activate to stand up due to passive tenodesis | false
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| options: 1. standing posture, 2. quiet standing, 3. postural sway, 4. seated posture, 5. forward head posture protraction of head and neck anterior to the trunk | 5. forward head posture
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| options: 1. standing posture, 2. quiet standing, 3. postural sway, 4. seated posture, 5. forward head posture small movements from side to side and front to back | 3. postural sway
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| options: 1. standing posture, 2. quiet standing, 3. postural sway, 4. seated posture, 5. forward head posture level pelvis supporting the natural curves of the spine | 1. standing posture
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| options: 1. standing posture, 2. quiet standing, 3. postural sway, 4. seated posture, 5. forward head posture neutral pelvic tilt, ears aligned with shoulders, upright trunk | 4. seated posture
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| options: 1. standing posture, 2. quiet standing, 3. postural sway, 4. seated posture, 5. forward head posture upper body balanced above pelvis supporting head, neck, and upper extremities | 2. quiet standing
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| during transfers ____ the bed so that the wheelchair and bed are level; client's feet should be on the floor | lower
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| during transfers make sure surfaces are as ____ as possible and ____ gaps | close; minimize
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| when measuring hip abduction MMT in a gravity position what structures do you stabilize/resist? what direction do you apply force a. lateral aspect of pelvis, b. against abduction, c. distal aspect of lat thigh, d. midline of tibia, e. against flexion | stabilize: a. lateral aspect of pelvis resist: c. distal aspect of lateral thigh direction: b. against abduction
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| when measuring hip flexion ROM what structures do you use to line up your goniometer | greater trochanter
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| what are the functional and structural classifications of the talocrural joint: a. uniaxial and hinge, b. biaxial and hinge, c. triaxial and modified hinge, d. biaxial and modified hinge | a uniaxial and hinge
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| which is not involved in extension of the 2nd-5th toes: a. extensor digitorum longus, b. extensor digitorum brevis, c. lumbricals, d. dorsal interossei | d. dorsal interossei
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| the talocrural joint is in close-pack position in _____ | maximal dorsiflexion
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| as the knee flexes, which way does the patella move a. distally and laterally, b. distally and medially, c. superiorly and laterally, d. superiorly and medially | a. distally and laterally
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| T/F: malalignment of the core has a ripple effect on the pelvis and upper extremities. as a practitioner, it is beneficial to begin centrally at the core when assessing a patient's posture and functional mobility | false, everything starts in the pelvis
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| functional classification has to do with ____ and structural classifications have to do with ____ | axes; bones
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| functional classification of the hip joint | triaxial
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| movements of the tibiofemoral joint include all of the following EXCEPT: a. flexion, b. abduction, c. extension, d. internal rotation, e. external rotation | b. abduction
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| the arrangement of the pelvic girdle makes a 3D bony bowl which is tilted ____ ____ | anterior; forward
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| which joint connects the first three sacral vertebrae to the ilia of the pelvis | sacroiliac joint
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