The LAST ONE!
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| federalism | a system in which a national and local government share power
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| separation of powers | the division of the functions of government among the branches in order to prevent any one branch from having too much power
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| checks & balances | a system in which each branch of government has the power to block the actions of the others
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| bicameral | the two houses of the legislative branch, the senate & house of representatives
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| bill | a proposed law
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| balanced budget | condition that exists when the government spends only as much money as it takes in
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| line-item veto | the power to veto parts of a bill and approve others
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| martial law | temporary rule by the military
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| pardon | a release from punishment for a crime
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| capital offenses | crimes that can be punished by death
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| grand jury | a group of at least 12 citizens who determine of there is enough evidence to against a defendant to justify a trial
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| indictment | a formal charge of wrong doing
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| plea bargain | an agreement between the state and the defendant in a criminal trial
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| precinct | a district within a county, town, or city
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| republicanism | a republic is a form of government in which individual citizens choose people to represent their interests in the government .
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| citizen | a member of a nation that is entitled to full rights
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| naturalized | the condition of having become a citizen by meeting certain requirements
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| patriotism | the love for one's country; the passion which aims to serve one's country, either from invasion, or protecting its rights and maintaining its laws and institutions in vigor and purity. patriotism is the characteristic of a good citizen.
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| campaign | an effort to win an elected office
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| political parties | groups that seek to gain power by electing candidates to office
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| urbanization | movement of people from farms and rural areas into the cities
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| Juneteenth | a celebration held on June 19th to commemorate the time in 1865 when slaves in Texas learned they were officially free.
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| assimilate | to absorb a smaller culture or group into a larger one
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| undocumented | an undocumented immigrant does not have the documents needed to legally enter, live, or work in a country.
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| franchise | the right to own a professional sports team
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| folklore | the stories and beliefs of a people that get passed down through the years
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| bilingual | able to speak two languages
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| Aquifer | an underground layer of porous rock that yields water through springs and wells
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| Ogallala Aquifer | accounts for 90 percent of the water supplied to Texas aquifers.
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| desalination | the process of turning ocean water into drinkable fresh water by removing the salt
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| petroleum | the substance that provides oil, gasoline, and other fuels
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| Medicaid | a federal health insurance program. Ran by the states, but funded by the federal government, provides free health care for poor Americans
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| Al Qaeda | an Islamist terrorist group that hijacked the 4 planes on September 11th 2001. They continue to threaten the safety of many nations, including the U.S.
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| Osama Bin Laden | the prime suspect and leader of 9/11 and was being hidden by the Taliban who was not killed until 2011
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| Weapons of Mass destruction | nuclear weapons and chemical weapons used during war
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| insurgency | a group of rebels or revolutionaries that resist peace or the system of government
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| Middle East | home of the largest oil reserves in the world, but a known region of military conflict. The birthplace of 3 major world religions 0 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
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| recession | bad economic crisis that started in 2007 with a rise in the unemployment percentage. Incomes, stocks, and housing values dropped significantly.
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| trafficking | trading or dealing goods or services, usually of an illegal nature
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| urban sprawl | urban areas spreading fast as their population grew. making it difficult to build mass transit systems and infrastructure
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