AP HUG
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| Agricultural Density | Number of farmers per unit of arable land
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| Arithmetic Density | Average number of people per unit of land (usually square kilometer)
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| Population distribution | The pattern in which humans are spread out on Earth's surface
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| Ecumene | The portion of Earth's surface with permanent human settlement
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| Population Clusters | Heavily populated areas, esp: South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe
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| Metacity | City with more than 20 million residents (ex: Delhi, Karachi)
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| Megacity | City with more than 10 million residents (ex: Mumbai, Kolkata, Lahore)
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| mean center of population | the balancing point given the distribution of population (take a country, average out where the population is, the middle point!)
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| Population Density | Average number of people per unit of land (population density is not specific– agricultural, arithmetic, and physiological are all types of population densities)
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| arable land | land suitable for cultivation
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| Carrying capacity | The number of people a particular environment or place can support in a sustainable way.
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| Population Composition | Makeup of the population by age, sex, ethnic, racial, income, and educational background
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| age structure | breakdown of a population into different groups
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| Dependency ratio | "Number of dependents (under 15 & over 64) in a population that each 100 working–age people must support. (divide number of dependents by working age population)"
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| Youth dependency ratio | Number under 15 that every 100 working age person must support
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| Elderly dependency ratio | Number of elderly dependents in a population (older than 64) that every 100 working age person must support
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| High child dependency | "Youth dependency Higher than 45 percent, lower than 15 percent elderly dependency Pakistan is here!"
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| Moderate child dependency | "29–45 percent youth dependency, lower than 15% elderly dependency Brazil is here!"
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| Double Dependency | "Moderate youth dependency (29–45%); high elderly (15% or higher). USA is here!"
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| High elderly dependency | "Youth dependency under 29%, elderly is 15% or higher. Japan is here!"
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| Low overall dependency | "Youth: lower than 29%; Elderly: lower than 15% United Arab Emirates is here!"
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| GI | lived through WWII
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| Silent Generation | Born during the great depression/WWII
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| Baby Boomers | born after WWII
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| Gen X | born between 1965– 1980
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| Gen Y | (Millennials): 1981–2000 (Pastel!)
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| Gen Z | (iGen? Centennials?): you!"
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| Sex ratio | Ratio of men to women
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| Androcentrism | culture has a preference for men
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| Demographic equation | Calculating total population of a place based on natural increase & migration over 1 year)
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| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | average number of births per 1000 people
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| Low birth rate | CBR of 10–20 births per 1000
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| Transitional birth rate | CBR of 20–30 births per 1000
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| High birth rate | CBR of more than 30 births per 1000
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| TFR (total fertility rate) | Average number of children born per woman during her reproductive lifetime
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| Replacement level fertility | TFR of 2.1
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| Crude death rate (CDR) | number of deaths per year per 1000
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| Infant mortality rate (IMR) | how many infants die within the first year of life per 1000 live births
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| Rate of natural increase (RNI) | difference between number of births and deaths in a given year, as percentage of total population (NOT 1000)
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| Child mortality | deaths of children under 5
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| zero population growth | same number of births and deaths in a given year (RNI is 0)
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| Rule of 70 | calculates doubling time by dividing 70 by RNI
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| Doubling time | number of years it takes for a population to double in size
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| DTM (demographic transition model) | Crude birth rates & crude death rates, Rate of Natural increases, all presented as stages countries progress through due to industrialization & urbanization
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| Epidemiology | Branch of medicine that studies the diseases
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| DTM Stage 1: High stationary | High birth & death rates
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| DTM Stage 2: Early expanding | Death rates drop, birth rates remain high
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| DTM Stage 3: Late expanding | Birth rates decline, RNI declines
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| DTM stage 4: Low stationary | Birth rates & death rates are low
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| DTM stage 5: Natural decrease stage | Birth rates drop below replacement level
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| Malthusian theory | population will outgrow resources
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| cornucopians | population growth stimulates innovation, we will not hit a population breaking point
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| Boserup effect | increase in food production from better farming practices
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| Pronatalist policies | policies designed to increase population
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| antinatalist policies | Policies designed to decrease population
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| median age | the age that divides a population into two halves
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Created by:
jpastel
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