All the AP Human Geography: Unit 3 vocab terms.
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| acculturation | adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another
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| architecture | the art of practice of constructing and designing buildings
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| artifacts | the material manifestation of culture, including tools, housing, systems of land use, clothing, etc. "What a culture uses"
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| assimilation | the process of a person or group losing the cultural traits that made them distinct from the people around them
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| branch | a major division within a religion
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| caste system | a rigid set of social classes that provides privileges for the higher classes and limits on the lower classes - a person is born in a caste and castes only change upon reincarnation
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| creole or creolized language | a language that began as a combination of two other languages and is spoken as the primary language of a group of people
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| cultural convergence | when two cultures become more similar because of frequent interactions
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| cultural divergence | when a culture splits into different cultures because of lack of interaction
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| cultural relativism | the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be
understood based on that person's own culture, rather than be
judged through the eyes of another culture
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| dialect | different forms of the same language used by groups that have
some different vocabulary and pronunciations
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| diaspora | the scattering a of people from their homeland (especially the Jews from the Holy Land)
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| indigenous (folk/ethnic) culture | the cultural traditions that are generally held by a specific ethnic
group, often localized in a specific area
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| indigenous language | a language that is native to a region and spoken by indigenous people
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| indigenous people | the original settlers of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled the area more recently
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| language extinction | a language that is no longer spoken by anyone as their native lanugage
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| language family | a collection of languages that re all descended from an original proto-language
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| lingua franca | a language that groups of people who don't speak the same language use to communicate often for trade or business
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| mentifacts | the central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values
and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc. "What
a culture believes"
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| multiculturalism | when various ethnic groups coexist with one another without having to sacrifice their particular identities
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| pilgrimage | a journey to a location that has religious significance
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| secularism | a philosophy that interprets life on principles taken solely from the material world, without recourse to religion
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| sense of place | a strong feeling of identity that is deeply felt by inhabitants and visitors of a location
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| sequent occupance | the idea that the current cultural landscape is a combination of
all the societies who lived there previously and the changes each
group made
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| sociofacts | the institutions and links between individuals and groups that unite a culture, including family structure and political, educational and religious institutions. "What a culture does"
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| syncretism | the blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait
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| taboo | something that is forbidden by a culture or a religion, sometimes
so forbidden that it is often not even discussed
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| universalizing religion | a religion that attempts to appeal to all people and has a worldwide focus as opposed to a regional focus
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| ethnic religion | a religion that is focused on a single ethnic group (often in a centralized area) that doesn't attempt to appeal to all people
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| ethnocentrism | judging people or traditions based on your own cultural standards
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| gender | cultural differences in the expectations of behavior by men and women in a specific society
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