Anemias
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Disease type for Acute Blood Loss | rapid blood loss; 20% or more
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| Disease type for Chronic Blood Loss | slow blood loss over time; overall blood vol. not effected
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| Cause of Acute Blood Loss | severe hemorrhage
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| blood smear for acute blood loss | normochromic, normocytic for 24 hours then marked anemia
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| cause of chronic blood loss | iron deficiency anemia (depleted iron stores)
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| lab findings of chronic blood loss | retic. count normal or slightly elevated; WBCs normal or slightly decreased; platelets normal or decreased in iron deficiency
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| type of disease for aplastic anemia | pancytopenia - reduced growth and production of all blood lines
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| nature of aplastic anemia | stem cells not present to produce RBCs, WBCs, and megakaryocytes
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| lab findings for aplastic anemia | granulocytes < .5 *10 9/L; platelets < 20 *10 9/L; retic. < 1%
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| define an Anemia | condition characterized by: packed red cell vol (Hct) below the lower limit of the 95% reference rangy for their age, gender and geographical location.
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| causes of anemia | blood loss; impaired RBC production; accelerated RBC destruction
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| clinical signs/symptoms of anemia | easily fatigued; dyspnea(heavy breathing) upon exertion; pallor(pale); low blood pressure; slight fever; some edema
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| lab assessment of anemia | RBC count; Hct; Hgb; RBC indices
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| classifications of anemia | RBC morphology (size, shape); physiology (RBC function); probable etiology-pathophysiology(cause); accelerated RBC destruction; blood loss; impaired RBC production; acute or chronic
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| quantitative measures for anemia | Hgb, Hct, RBC counts decreased; RBC indices; RBC histogram; Red cell distribution width (RDW)
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| additional tests for anemia | bone marrow exam; acid hemolysis; autohemolysis; fetal Hgb concentration; osmotic fragility; platelet count; retic count; sickle cell; Hgb electrophoresis; antibody; chemistry
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| pancytopenia | bone marrow failure
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