NCFE Health and Fitness
Help!
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| The _____________ involves those parts of the body that are concerned with breathing | Respiratory system
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| The ________ carries air, which contains oxygen from the pharynx to the lungs | Trachea
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| Cilia | The inner surface of the trachea is covered in tiny hairs called cilia
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| Exhalation | is the expulsion of air from the lungs through reducing the volume of the chest cavity.
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| 2 stage process of breathing | Inspiration and expiration
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| The function of alveoli | Is the exchange of gases
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| Diffusion | is the movement of substances from a high concentration to a lower concentration
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| Inspiration | Takes air into the lungs which causes the chest cavity to rise as the lungs fill
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| Expiration | is the air leaving the lungs when we breath out
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| Name the muscles that are involved in inspiration | Diaphragm and Intercostal Muscles
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| Describe the changes in the size of the chest cavity during inspiration | The diaphragm becomes dome-shaped, ribs are lifted upwards, and the chest cavity increases in volume
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| Describe the factors that assist the gaseous exchange process | Moist, thin walls, a large surface area, a short diffusion distance, alveoli are surrounded by capillaries
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| Tidal | The amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inspiration at rest
The average tidal volume is 500ml
The same amount leaves the lungs in exhalation
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| Residual | The amount of air left in the lungs following maximal exhalation
There is always some air remaining to prevent the lungs from collapsing
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| Vital capacity | The maximal amount of air you can exhale after taking the deepest inspiration you possibly can.
It could be up to 10 times more than you would normally exhale.
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| Spirometer | Lung volumes are measured
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