Week 7 Nerve Signaling
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| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct impulses up to approximately _____ meters per second. | 130
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| Which of the following antidepressants acts by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase (MAO)? | Phenelzine
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| Dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are classified as: | catecholamines.
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| Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters. | They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters.
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| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to: | receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
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| Which of the following is not used by the body as a neurotransmitter? Nitric oxide Acetylcholine Carbon monoxide All of the above are used by the body as neurotransmitters. | All of the above are used by the body as neurotransmitters.
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| Which neuron could transmit a nerve impulse the fastest? | A large-diameter neuron with myelin
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| Acetylcholine is in the same class of neurotransmitters as: serotonin. histamine. dopamine. none of the above. | None of the above
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| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibers in the body? | Almost 300 times faster
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| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): | enkephalins.
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| The only ion(s) that can diffuse across a neuron’s membrane when the neuron is at rest is (are): | potassium.
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| For a neurotransmitter to produce an inhibitory postsynaptic potential, which of the following channels must open? | Potassium and/or chloride channels
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| During a relative refractory period: | the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus.
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| Which is true of a neuron with a resting potential? | The sodium pump has moved Na+ to the outside of the plasma membrane.
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| No impulse can be sent through a neuron: | during the absolute refractory period.
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| Within the nervous system, coding for the strength of a stimulus is accomplished through: | the frequency of nerve impulses.
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| When an impulse reaches a synapse: | chemical transmitters are released.
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| Serotonin is an example of a(n): | amine neurotransmitter.
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| Compared with the outside of the neuron, the inside has a(n) ____ charge | negative
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| When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node to node, the type of impulse conduction is called: | saltatory conduction.
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| Excitatory neurotransmitters are most likely to: | initiate an action potential.
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| Which of the following is not one of the main chemical classes of neurotransmitters? | Triglycerides
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| A synapse consists of: a synaptic knob. a synaptic cleft. the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic neuron. all of the above. | all of the above.
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| Which of the following is true of spatial summation? | Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
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| A slight shift away from the resting membrane potentials in a specific region of the plasma membrane is called a _____ potential. | Local
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| Which is true of an action potential? | The outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged.
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| The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is | some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open.
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| Stimulus-gated channels open in response to: | sensory stimuli
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| A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): | axon
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| Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in certain brain synapses of: | amines
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| The speed of a nerve impulse depends on the neuron’s resting potential FALSE | False
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| The sodium-potassium pump actively pumps three potassium ions out of the neuron and two sodium ions into the neuron. FALSE | False
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| the action potential seems to “leap” from node to node along a myelinated fiber. This type of impulse regeneration is called __________ conduction. | saltatory
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| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | Nerve Impulse
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| A neurologist is using a voltmeter to measure potential. The membrane potential of a neuron was recorded at +30 mV. This is what type of membrane potential? | Action
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| In a myelinated neuron, the impulse can travel under the myelin between nodes of Ranvier. TRUE | True
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| The membrane potential maintained by a nonconducting neuron’s plasma membrane is called the _____ membrane potential. | Resting
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| In a myelinated fiber, the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next. TRUE | True
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| When neurotransmitters from synaptic knobs stimulate a postsynaptic neuron in rapid succession, their effect can add up over a brief period to produce an action potential. This is called | temporal summation.
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| The brief period during which a local area of an axon's membrane resists re-stimulation is called the __________ period. | Refractory
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| What mechanism quickly terminates the action of a neurotransmitter once it binds to its postsynaptic receptor? neurotransmitter molecules are transported into nearby glial cells. Neurotransmitter molecules are transported back into synaptic knobs. N | ALL CORRECT
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| If the magnitude of the local depolarization surpasses a limit called the _____, voltage-gated Na+ channels are stimulated to open. | threshold potential
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| There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. | chemical
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| In depolarization the membrane potential moves toward zero, whereas in hyperpolarization the membrane potential moves away from zero. TRUE | True
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| If the threshold potential is surpassed, the full peak of the action potential is always reached. TRUE | True
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| The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transports sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions and at different rates is the | sodium-potassium pump.
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| Neurons are the only living cells that maintain a difference in the concentration of ions across their membranes. FALSE | FALSE
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| Which membrane receptor acts to directly change ion permeability when stimulated? | Gated-channel receptor
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| Whether an impulse is continued through the neuron depends on the magnitude of the voltage in the axon hillock. TRUE | TRUE
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| The tiny bulge at the end of a terminal branch of a presynaptic neuron’s axon is called a(n) | synaptic knob.
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| The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a membrane is called the membrane potential. | MEMBRANE POTENTIAL
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| The mechanisms that produce and maintain the resting membrane potential do so by producing a | slight excess of positive ions on the outer surface of the plasma membrane.
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| The difference between sodium and potassium in the generation of action potential is that: | sodium causes depolarization of the cell membrane, and potassium causes repolarization of the cell membrane.
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| A synapse can occur only between an axon and: Another axon. any of the above. a dendrite. a cell body. | ANY OF THE ABOVE
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| When a neuron is resting, the inner surface of its plasma membrane is slightly positive compared with its outer surface. FALSE | FALSE
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| The magnitude of the action potential peaks when the sodium channels close. TRUE | TRUE
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| Which chemicals allow neurons to communicate with one another? | Neurotransmitters
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| A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be | polarized
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| Movement of the membrane potential away from zero (below the usual RMP) is called | hyperpolarization.
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| An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is a(n) | stimulus-gated channel.
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Created by:
Crystal C
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