Mbio Module 1-8
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| Oceanic Crust | The portion of the earths’ crust that primarily contains basalt, is relatively dense, and is about 5 kilometers thick
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| Continental crust | The portion of the earths’ crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is 20 to 50 kilometers thick.
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| Plate tectonics | A process involving the movement of large plates n the earth’s mantle
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| Mid | ocean ridge
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| Seafloor spreading | The process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid
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| Subduction | The downward movement of one plate into the earth’s mantle when two plate collide.
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| Continental shelf | The gently sloped, shallow section of the edge of a continent, extending from the shore to the point where the slope gets steeper.
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| Continental sloped | The steeper section of a continental edge, extending seaward from the continental shelf.
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| Continental rise | The gently sloping area at the base of the continental sloped.
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| Specific heat | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by 1.00 ° C
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| Salinity | The total amount of salt dissolved in a solvent.
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| Coriolis effect | The way in which the rotation of the earth bends the path of winds and resulting sea currents.
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| Gyres | Large, mostly circular systems of surface currents driven by the wind.
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| Spring tide | A Time of largest tidal range due to the gravitational pull of the aligned sun and moon (during full moon and new moon)
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| Neap tide | A time of smallest tidal range due to the moon and sun being located at right angles to each other (during quarter moons)
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| Metabolism | The process by which a living organism takes energy from its surroundings and uses it to sustain itself, develop, and grow.
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| Photosynthesis | The process by which an organism uses the energy from the sun to produce its own food
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| Autotroph | Organisms those are able to produce their own food
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| Heterotrophs | Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain it from other organisms
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| Respiration | The process by which food is converted into useable energy for life functions
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| Homeostatis | The tendency of living organisms to control or regulate changes in their internal environment.
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| Diffusion | The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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| Osmosis | The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
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| Osmoconformer | An organism that allows its internal concentration of salts to change in order to match the external concentration of salts in the surrounding water.
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| Osmoregulator | An organism that regulates its internal concentration of salt
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| Poikilotherm | An organism whose body temperature changes with its surrounding environment
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| Ectotherm | An organism whose body temperature is controlled by its surrounding environment.
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| Homeotherm | An animal that maintains a controlled internal body temperature using its own heating and cooling mechanisms.
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| Endotherm | An animal whose internal body temperature is a result of internal sources of heat.
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| Asexual reproduction | Reproduction accomplished by a single organism
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| Sexual reproduction | Reproduction that involves the union of gametes from two organisms: a male and a female.
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| Binomial nomenclature | Identifying an organism by its genus and species name
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| Bacteria | Prokaryotic, single
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| Decomposers | Organisms that break down dead organic matter into smaller molecules
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| Chemosynthesis | The making of organic material from inorganic substance using chemical energy
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| Phytoplankton | Photosynthetic organisms that drift in the water
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| Zooplankton | Tiny floating organism that are either small animals or protozoa
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| Thallus | The complete body of an alga, not differentiated into true leaves, stems, or roots.
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| Diploid cell (2n) | A cell that has chromosomes which come in pairs
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| Haploid cell (1n) | A cell that contains half the normal number of chromosomes (one from each pair)
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| Alternation of generation | A life cycle that alternates between a sexual stage (gametophyte) and an asexual stage (sporophyte)
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| Symbiosis | A close relationship between two species where at least one benefits.
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| Lichen | An organism that results from the symbiosis between a fungus and an alga.
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| Osculum | A large opening on a sponge through which filtered water is expelled
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| Amoebocytes | Cells within a sponge that produce its skeletal structure, perform digestion, and repair cell damage
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| Gemmule | A group of cells surrounded by a shell made of spicules
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| Metamorphosis | A complete morphological change from larval to adult form
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| Spherical symmetry | A body form in which any cut through the organism’s center results in identical halves
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| Radial symmetry | A body form in which any longitudinal cut (along the length) through the organism’s central axis results I identical halves
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| Bilateral symmetry | A body form in which only on longitudinal cut through the organism’s center results in identical halves
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| Polyp | An attached cnidarian stage, appearing sac
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| Medusa | A free
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| Mesoglea | A jelly
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| Dorsal | Referring to the top (or back) surface of an animal
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| Ventral | Referring to the bottom (or belly) surface of an animal
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| Mutualism | A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where both benefit from the association
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| Commenalism | A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited
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| Parasitism | A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
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| Coelom | A body cavity within organisms containing specialized tissue
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| Extensions of the body containing thin | walled blood vessels that allow for easy absorption of oxygen from the outside surface
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| Mantle | A heath of tissue surrounding the organs of a mollusk, producing the mollusk’s hell and performing respiration
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| Radula | An organ covered with hundreds of small teeth, used for scraping food into the mouths of mollusks.
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| Chitin | A derivative of carbohydrates that provides
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| Open circulatory system | A circulatory system in which blood flows out of the blood vessels and into body cavities, where it comes in direct contact with cells.
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| Closed circulatory system | A circulatory system in which the blood always remains in vessels
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| Molting | The process of shedding an exoskeleton and replacing it with a new one
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| Cephalothorax | The anterior part of an arthropod body, consisting of a head and other body segments fused together
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| Carapace | An armored shield that covers the anterior portion of crustaceans
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| Water vascular system | A network of water
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| Ambulacral groove | A channel along the oral surface of echinoderms through which the tube feet protrude.
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| Notochord | A flexible supportive rod that runs the length of the body of the chordates
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| Dorsal nerve cord | A long bundle of nerve cells located along the dorsal part of an organism’s body
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| Anadromous | A life cycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water when adults, and return to fresh water in order to reproduce.
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| Demersal | Fishes that live on the bottom of the ocean
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| Chromatophores | Surface pigment cells that expand and contract to produce various colors
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| Myomeres | Bands of muscle along the sides of fishes used for locomotion
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| Gill rakers | Projections along the inner surface of fishes’ gills used for filter
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| Migrations | The regular movement of an organism from one location to another
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| Catadromous | Referring to fishes that migrate from fresh water to reproduce in the ocean
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| Hermaphroditism | A situation in which an animal has the reproductive organs of both sexes
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| Oviparous | A type of development in which eggs are hatched outside a female’s body
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| Ovoviviparous | A type of development in which eggs are hatched inside the female’s body
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| Viviparous | A type of development in which the young obtain their nutrients directly from the mother and are birthed live
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| Adaptation | An expression of a helpful trait coming directly from the genetic information already possessed by at least some individuals in a genetically diverse population.
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| Baleen | Rows of comb
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| Echolocation | A method of analyzing sound aves to locate objects in the water column.
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| Behavior | An activity an organism would do in its natural habitat.
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| Delayed implantation | A delay in implantation of an embryo into te uterus allowing for the proper timing of birth.
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| Ecology | The study of the relationship between an organism and its environment
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| Abiotic | The nonliving part of an environment
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| Biotic | The living part of an environment
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| Carrying capacity | The largest population size that can be supported by a specific area with its available resources
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| Limiting resources | A factor required for a population to grow, but present in small quantities in an ecosystem.
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| Productivity | The rate of photosynthesis carried on in an ecosystem
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| Carbon fixation | The converting of inorganic carbon into useful organic carbon substances
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| Nitrogen fixation | The converting of gaseous nitrogen into useful organic nitrogen substances.
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| Benthic | Describing organisms that live on the ocean bottom
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| Pelagic | Describing organisms that live in the water column away from the ocean bottom.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
akikoandpoog
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