Surg Tech Peripheral Vascular
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| The patient may be placed in __________ to increase the size of the subclavian vein during insertion of a central venous catheter or venous access port | Trendelenburg
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| The plaque within an artery can be removed with a ___________ and fine vascular DeBakey forceps | freer or Penfield elevator
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| The removal of plaque is called a(n) ___________ | endarterectomy
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| Glass syringes are preferred in drawing up contrast media for angiography because of less accumulation of bubbles (T/F) | True
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| ______ ______ are used to bolster anastomosis sites when tissue is friable | suture pledgets
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| The lumens of veins are (smaller/larger) than the lumens of arteries | larger
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| Gold standard for dx and evaluation of vascular disease | angiography
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| What should you do with vessel loops before handing them to the surgeon? | dip them in saline
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| Vein of choice for distal bypasses of lower extremity | saphenous vein
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| In order for the saphenous vein to be effective as a bypass conduit, the ______ within the vein must be removed or "stripped away" in order to prevent the valves from dictating venous flow direction | valves
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| arteries grow progressively smaller until they become ______ which in turn become ______ | arterioles; capillaries
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| _______ are microscopic vessels designed to exchange nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissue fluid | capillaries
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| After nutrients/waste exchange, capillaries unite to form _____, the smallest of the veins | venules
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| Venues unite to form veins, which eventually become the ______ and ______. | inferior and superior vena cava
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| Primary challenge of performing an angioscopy | clearing the visual field of blood
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| An angioscope should be smaller in diameter than the vessel lumen to avoid ______. | vasospasm
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| Purpose of a central venous catheter "central line/CVC" | facilitate long-term IV administration of chemo, antibiotic therapy, fluids and pain meds
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| Types of central venous catheters | 12F Groshong, Hickman, Broviac
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| Which vein is used for a central line? | right subclavian
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| 3 tunic layers of arterial walls | adventitia, media, intima
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| Tunica adventitia | outer layer of artery consisting of connective tissue; contains vasa vasorum that nourish the cells of the arterial wall
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| Tunica media | middle/thickest layer of artery consisting of elastic fibers and smooth muscles fibers; causes vasoconstriction and vasodilation
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| Tunica intima | inner smooth layer of artery composed of endothelium; platelets flow without being damaged and clotting is prevented
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| Arteriosclerosis obliterans | common disorder of arteries characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls
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| A type of arteriosclerosis is atherosclerosis (T/F) | True
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| Atherosclerosis usually occurs with age and is associated with... | tobacco use, HTN, obesity, DM, high levels of LDL
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| Stents are made out of... | stainless steel mesh, titanium, or polypropylene
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| Selection of a balloon in an angioplasty that's too small may result in | underdilation and early stenosis
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| Selection of a balloon in an angioplasty that's too large may result in | dissection of the vessel
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| In an angioplasty, balloon length should be sufficient to extend ____ to ___ cm beyond the lesion | 1 to 2
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| Embolus | blood clot, fat, air, or small portion of tumor that circulates through the CV system
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| Thrombus | an embolus that becomes lodged in smaller vessels blocking blood flow to and extremity or organ
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| Catheter used in embolectomy/thrombectomy | Fogarty embolectomy catheter
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| Enzymatic lysis meds | urokinase, streptokinase
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| Instruments for arteriotomy | #11 blade and Potts-Smith scissors
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| Pts suffering from TIAs often demonstrate a weakness of the (opposite/same) side of body | opposite
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| Incision for carotid endarterectomy | cervical parallel and anterior to sternocleidomastoid and centered over carotid bifurcation
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| Which cranial nerve is protected during a carotid endarterectomy? | vagus (X)
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| What suture is used to close an arteriotomy? | double-armed nonabsorbable polypropylene
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| Most important practical consideration when doing a carotid endarterectomy | keep back table and mayo stand sterile until pt leaves OR in the vent the neck needs to be reentered
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| If a AAA ruptures, what are the instruments/supplies you need immediately? | suction, laps, aortic clamps
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| First branch of aortic arch | brachiocephalic (innominate)
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| Second branch of aortic arch | carotid
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| Anticoagulant given just prior to cross-clamping a major artery | heparin
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| Antidote for heparin | protamine sulfate
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| Reversal agent for Coumadin/necessary for clotting | vitamin K
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| Vasodilator med | papaverine
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