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Cells

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Term
Definition
Organelles   A tiny cell structure that carries out a specitficfunction within a living cell  
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Cell Wall   A ridged supporting layer that surrounds the cells of a plant and some other organisms  
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Cell Membrane   A thin flexible bairreir that surrounds a cell and controls what goes into the cell and out of a cell  
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Cytoplasm   The thick fluid region of a cell located inside of the cell membrane or between the cell and the nucleus  
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Nucleus   In cells a large oval organells that contains the cells genetic material in a form of DNA  
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Mitochondiran   Rod shaped organells that convert food into energy for the cel so it can function  
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Chlrooplast   An organelle in the cells of a plant in some other organisms that capture sunlight to turn it into food  
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Valcule   A sac like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials  
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Selectively Permeable   A property of cell mebranes that allows some substiances to pass across it, while others cannot  
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Diffusion   The process by which molocules move form an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration  
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Osmosis   Th diffusion of water molocuels across a selectivly permiable membrane  
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Exocytosis   The process by which the volocule surroudig particles fusses with a cell membrane, forcing contents out of a cell  
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Endocytosis   The process by whch a cell membrane takes particals into the cell by changing the shape and engoulping particals.  
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Cell Cycle   The siers of events in which a cell grows and prepares for division.  
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Interphase   The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell dividsion occurs.  
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Replication   The process in which a cell makes a copy of the DNA before cell division.  
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Mitosis   The second stage of a cell cycle durring which the cells nuclues divides into two new nuclie and one set of DNA is distubuted into each daughter cells.  
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Cytokinesis   The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cells cytoplasm divides distrbuting the two new daugter cells.  
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Photoythinsis   The process by which plants make thier own food and othe autotrophs capture and use their own light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water.  
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Autotroph   An organism that is able to capture the energy form sunlight and use it to produce its own food  
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Heterotroph   An organism that cannot make its own food and gets its food by consuming other things  
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Chlorophyll   A green phootosynthysis pigment found in chloroplast in plants, algea, and some bacteria.  
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Cellular resperation   The procces in which oxygen and gluclose undergo a complex sieris of chimechal eactions inside cells  
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Frmentation   The realese of energy from foodwithout using oxygen  
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Produce   Makeing  
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Source   The products of cellular resperation are carbon dioxyide and water  
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