Key Terms Chapter 2 LAN
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| 802.2 | show 🗑
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| 802.3 | show 🗑
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| show | The IEEE standard for token ring networking devices and data handling.
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| show | The IEEE standard for wireless networking.
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| show | The IEEE standard for broadband wireless metropolitan area networking (also known as WiMAX).
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| show | A response generated at the Transport layer of the OSI model that confirms to a sender that its frame was received. The ACK packet is the third of three in the three-step process of establishing a connection.
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| ANSI (American National Standards Institute) | show 🗑
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| show | A set of routines that make up part of a software application.
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| Application layer | show 🗑
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| show | The first set of six characters that make up the MAC address and that are unique to a particular manufacturer.
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| show | A method of error checking that determines if the contents of an arriving data unit match the contents of the data unit sent by the source.
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| show | A type of Transport layer protocol that requires the establishment of a connection between communicating nodes before it will transmit data.
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| connectionless | show 🗑
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| show | An algorithm (or mathematical routine) used to verify the accuracy of data contained in a data frame.
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| Data Link layer | show 🗑
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| device ID | show 🗑
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| EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) | show 🗑
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| show | The process of wrapping one layer’s PDU with protocol information so that it can be interpreted by a lower layer. For example, Data Link layer protocols encapsulate Network layer packets in frames.
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| show | A networking technology originally developed at Xerox in the 1970s and improved by Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel, and Xerox. Ethernet, which is the most common form of network transmission technology, follows the IEEE 802.3 standard.
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| FCS (frame check sequence) | show 🗑
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| show | A method of gauging the appropriate rate of data transmission based on how fast the recipient can accept data.
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| fragmentation | show 🗑
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| show | A package for data that includes not only the raw data, or “payload,” but also the sender’s and recipient’s addressing and control information. Frames are generated at the Data Link layer of the OSI model
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| HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) | show 🗑
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| IAB (Internet Architecture Board) | show 🗑
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| show | A nonprofit, United States government -funded group charged with managing IP address allocation and the domain name system. The oversight for many of IANA’s functions was given to ICANN in 1998;
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| show | The nonprofit corporation currently designated by the United States government to maintain and assign IP addresses.
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| IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) | show 🗑
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| show | An organization that sets standards for how systems communicate over the Internet (for example, how protocols operate and interact).
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| show | A core protocol in the TCP/IP suite that operates in the Network layer of the OSI model and provides information about how and where data should be delivered. IP is the subprotocol that enables TCP/IP to internetwork.
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| show | The Network layer address assigned to nodes to uniquely identify them on a TCP/IP network. IP addresses consist of 32 bits divided into four octets, or bytes.
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| ISO (International Organization for Standardization) | show 🗑
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| show | A professional organization with members from 90 chapters around the world that helps to establish technical standards for the Internet.
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| ISP (Internet service provider) | show 🗑
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| show | A United Nations agency that regulates international telecommunications and provides developing countries with technical expertise and equipment to advance their technological bases.
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| LLC (Logical Link Control) sublayer | show 🗑
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| MAC address | show 🗑
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| show | The lower sublayer of the Data Link layer. The MAC appends the physical address of the destination computer onto the frame.
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| show | The largest data unit a network (for example, Ethernet or token ring) will accept for transmission.
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| show | A unique identifying number for a network node that follows a hierarchical addressing scheme and can be assigned through operating system software. Added to data packets and interpreted by protocols at the Network layer of the OSI model.
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| Network layer | show 🗑
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| show | A core protocol in the TCP/IP suite that operates in the Network layer of the OSI model and provides information about how and where data should be delivered. IP is the subprotocol that enables TCP/IP to internetwork.
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| IP address (Internet Protocol address) | show 🗑
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| show | A collection of standards organizations representing 157 countries with headquarters located in Geneva, Switzerland. Its goal is to establish international technological standards to facilitate the global exchange of information and barrier-free trade.
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| show | A professional organization with members from 90 chapters around the world that helps to establish technical standards for the Internet.
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| show | A business that provides organizations and individuals with Internet access and often, other services, such as e-mail and Web hosting.
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| ITU (International Telecommunication Union) | show 🗑
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| show | The upper sublayer in the Data Link layer. The LLC provides a common interface and supplies reliability and flow control services.
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| show | A 12-character string that uniquely identifies a network node. The manufacturer hard codes the MAC address into the NIC. This address is composed of the block ID and device ID.
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| MAC (Media Access Control) sublayer | show 🗑
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| show | The largest data unit a network (for example, Ethernet or token ring) will accept for transmission.
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| network address | show 🗑
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| show | The third layer in the OSI model. Protocols in the Network layer translate network addresses into their physical counter.
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| show | A model for understanding and developing computer-to-computer communication developed in the 1980s by ISO. It divides networking functions among seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
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| PDU (protocol data unit) | show 🗑
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| Physical layer | show 🗑
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| Presentation layer | show 🗑
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| reassembly | show 🗑
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| show | A not-for-profit agency that manages the distribution of IP addresses to private and public entities.
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| show | To intelligently direct data between networks based on addressing, patterns of usage, and availability of network segments.
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| router | show 🗑
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| show | A unit of data that results from subdividing a larger protocol data unit.
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| segmentation | show 🗑
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| show | The process of assigning a placeholder to each piece of a data block to allow the receiving node’s Transport layer to reassemble the data in the correct order.
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| session | show 🗑
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| Session layer | show 🗑
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| standard | show 🗑
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| SYN (synchronization) | show 🗑
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| SYN-ACK (synchronization-acknowledgment) | show 🗑
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| terminal | show 🗑
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| TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) | show 🗑
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| token | show 🗑
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| show | A networking technology developed by IBM in the 1980s. It relies upon direct links between nodes and a ring topology, using tokens to allow nodes to transmit data.
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| Transport layer | show 🗑
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