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AP Human Geography

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Term
Definition
show A set of sounds and symbols that are used for communication.  
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Mutual intelligibility   show
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Dialect chain   show
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show A geographic boundary where linguistic features occur.  
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Language family   show
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show Process where discrete, new languages are eventually formed from one language. Happens when people speaking two dialects of a language are relatively isolated from each other and have little spatial interaction; the opposite of language convergence.  
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show Language used for trade or cultural interaction among people who speak different languages.  
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Pidgin language   show
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show A language that began as a pidgin language and was later adopted as the mother tongue of a people.  
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Standard language   show
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Toponym   show
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show Tracking sound shifts and hardening consonants backward to uncover an original language.  
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show Process where two languages collapse into one language. Happens when people speaking two languages have frequent and consistent spatial interaction with each other; the opposite of language divergence.  
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Extinct language   show
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Conquest Theory   show
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show The theory that the Proto-Indo-European language spread with the diffusion of agriculture.  
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show A language used in everyday interaction among a group of people in a local area.  
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Dialect   show
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show Divisions within a language family where commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent.  
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Cognate   show
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