chapter 2 final
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| The 6 basic life elements | SCHNOPS
sulfur, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosporus
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| All isotopes have the same number of ___ | protons
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| What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons? | Covalent
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| Aquatic living things are able to survive the winter thanks to which property of water? | It is less dense as a solid than as a liquid
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| The three isotopes of carbon 12C, 13C, and 14C have different numbers of ____? | neutrons
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| The combined number of _____ will determine the number of electrons in orbital(s) around a neutral atom. | protons
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| If an atom has an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of 35, the number of neutrons in its nucleus equals ___? | 18 (atomic number = protons) mass minus protons= neutrons.
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| An electrically neutral atom with an atomic number of 7 will have ____ occupied electron shell(s). | 2
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| Which bond is most easily broken? | a hydrogen bond
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| There are two ____ _____ bonds in water. | polar covalent
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| hydrophobic molecules tend to be _____. | nonpolar
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| The two parallel strands of DNA are held together by ____ bonds | hydrogen
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| Hydrogen bonds form when ______. | a slightly negative atom is attracted to a slightly positive atom.
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| The atom that has a nucleus with no neutrons is ____. | hydrogen
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| How many naturally occurring elements are there? | 92
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| Atomic mass is the sum of ____ and _____. | protons and neutrons
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| If the atomic mass is 15 and you have 8 protons, how many neutrons do you have? | 7
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| The atomic number of Na is 11, how many protons does Na have? | 11
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| If an element has 3 protons, how many electrons does it have? | 3
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| What is the Electric charge of an electron? | -1
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| What is the Electric charge of a proton? | +1
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| Proton, neutron, electron- Which ones contribute to the AMU? Which ones are located in the nucleus? Which one is located in the outer shell? What is that shell called? | protons & neutrons, protons & neutrons, electrons, electron shell
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| What is it called when the atoms of the same element differ in the number of neutrons, but the number of protons and electrons stay the same? | isotopes
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| What is the octet rule? | 2 electrons are allowed in the 1st shell and each one there after are allowed a max of 8 electron
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| One the periodic table the horizontal rows are called? Vertical rows are called? | periods, groups
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| What column of the periodic table are noble gases? Why are they stable-inert and rarely react with another atom? | VIII, the last shell has 8 electrons and do not bond with another element
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| What type of bond do you call when an atom loses an electron to another atom? When an atom loses an electron, does it become + charged or – charged? | ionic bond, +
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| What type of bond do have when electrons are shared? | covalent
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| When 2 atoms are put together they make? Is an atom on it’s own make it an element? Molecule? | molecules, yes, no
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| Covalent bonds, when atoms share an equal amount of electrons…example to hydrogens bonding-Is it polar or non-polar? | non-polar
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| Covalent bonds- when atoms share an unequal amount of electrons…example H20-Is it polar or non-polar? | polar
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| Referring to the outershell, an electron sharing and moving releases energy is called? | chemical reaction
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| If something has a pH lower than 7, it is _______. If something has a pH higher than 7.1 it is ______. | acidic, base or alkyline
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| What allows water molecules to hold onto each other without separating? | cohesion
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| Water molecules has +/- charges, which allows them to _______ to polar surfaces, which is called? | adhere, adhesion
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