Gilded Presidents
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| Patronage | Politicians gave jobs to those who helped elect them not to those who were most qualified, applied to all levels of government jobs
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| "Spoils System" | ensured politicians a loyal group of supporters in future elections.
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| Merit System | Civil service jobs go to the most qualified
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| Rutherford B. Hayes | Granted presidency with comp of 1877 - granted the presidency if the gov’t formally ended reconstruction by removing federal troops from the south, Attempted to reestablish honest government after Grant,
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| Rutherford B. Hayes (cont.) | His fellow government workers stole from the federal gov’t, Wanted to bring merit to non-elected government workers and people had to go through a difficult process to prove they were qualified to work for the federal gov’t
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| End of Hayes' presidency | Hayes tries to root out corruption by attacking the NY Custom House and this ultimately makes him a one term president, The republican position was now up for grabs
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| Stalwarts (One of three factions caused by people angry at Hayes for his action) (i.e. stalwarts, mugwumps and independents) | Didn’t want any changes, liked patronage, didn’t care about graft and wanted to keep republicans in power
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| James Garfield | Decides that reforming our system would be best for our nation during this time, Charles Guiteau believed he was owed a job, for he was never given a job under the spoils system
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| James Garfield's Assassination | He was infuriated, so much so that he assassinated the president. He admitted it and went to jail. He was happy that Arthur would become president
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| Chester A. Arthur | Became president when Garfield died Stalwarts expected continued patronage support from Arthur but were disappointed when Arthur supported civil service reform, Signed the Pendleton Act into law, He establishes a stronger, improved navy
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| Pendleton Act | set up examinations and standards of merit in order to reward federal jobs to the most qualified candidates, put us on the right path to root out our corruption
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| Why was Grover Cleveland elected? | Cleveland was very forth coming and honest about his illegitimate child and this scandal didn’t affect his campaign, for he won the presidency. Cleveland became the first democrat to be elected since before the civil war
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| Grover Cleveland | Supported “Laissez Faire” Policies, believed that tariffs interfered with business unsuccessfully tried to lower tariffs
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| Benjamin Harrison | Pro-business- supported legislation that helped BIG business interests, McKinley Tariff Act (1890)- highest Tariff ever, Passed a bill to give pension money to Civil War veterans, His PRO BUSINESS policies caused the worst economic disaster
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| Cleveland's 2nd term part 1 | Won election on a lower tariff platform, Cleveland was the only non-consecutive two term president, By the time he takes office, the U.S. economy is taking a major decline and the stock market had crashed
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| Cleveland's 2nd term | Americans were dissatisfied with him because Cleveland felt the economy would write itself out and didn’t do anything because he didn’t believe in government assistance
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| Panic of 1893 | Industrial unemployment was from 20%-25%., factory workers had no money for food, clothing housing, Roots of the Progressive Era
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| McKinley | Again raises tariffs, Tariff Reforms over, A balanced economy comes back through imperialism by the close of the 1800s
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Created by:
MLevy44
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