History Final Study Guide Semester 2
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| FDR’s main goals in fighting the depression | FDR's main goals in fighting the depression were relief, recovery, and reform.
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| Years for the Great Depression | August 1929 - March 1933.
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| Causes of the Great Depression | -Stock market crash of 1929 -Banking panics and monetary contraction -The gold standard -Decreased international lending and tariffs .
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| New Deal | The New Deal was a series of reforms enacted between 1933 and 1942 by the Franklin Roosevelt administration with a goal to end the depression.
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| Shanty Towns | Slums on the outskirts of many cities, also known as Hoovervills.
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| What event brought an end to the Great Depression | World War 2 brought an end to the Great Depression.
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| Roosevelt’s fireside chats impact | These chats over the radio reassured people about complex issues and programs and boosted their confidence.
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| Why did voters vote for Roosevelt over Hoover | -Many people blamed Hoover for the Great Depression -Hoover believed in "rugged individualism," which made the people see it as he didn't care.
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| Why was the New Deal a turning point in U. S. history | The New Deal was a turning point in U.S. history because a new president had finally gone into office, who everyone liked and helped get the publics act together.
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| Holocaust | The Holocaust occurred during World War 2, and was a genocide of European Jews.
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| How many Jews were killed during the Holocaust | Around 6 million Jews.
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| What religious group was killed by Germans in Concentration Camps | Jews.
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| Under German rule, before Concentration Camps, where were Jews forced to live | In order to segregate, Germany set up ghettos for Jews to live in.
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| Genocide | Killing a large group of people deliberately, in particular those of a certain ethnicity or nation.
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| What happened to Hitler in the end | Hitler ended up committing suicide in his underground bunker, by swallowing a cyanide capsule and shooting himself in the head.
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| In addition to the gas chambers, how did Nazi’s kill off the Jews? | Nazi's killed off the Jews living in the ghettos, while they were liquidated.
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| During the Holocaust, how were families separated? | During the Holocaust, families were separated when trying to find asylum in different countries, like the U.S.
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| Holocaust and annihilation | During the Holocaust, the Nazis main goal was annihilation, total elimination of the European Jewish life and culture.
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| What is the name for the laws that began to take away the rights of German Jews? | Nuremburg Laws
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| Democracy | "Rule by the people"
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| Fascism | "One party dictatorship"
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| Blitzkrieg | Military tactic used to create psychological shock and disorganization in enemy forces.
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| Kamikaze | Kamikaze is a Japanese word meaning "divine wind"
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| Axis Powers | An alliance with Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, imperial Japan, and a few other countries, who all opposed the Allied Powers, an alliance consisting of Great Britain, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China.
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| Why did United States decide to stay isolated from foreign affairs when WWII started? | The U.S. wanted to stay out of the foreign affairs because they were going through the Great Depression. They had to spend money on New Deal Programs, instead of military, and many people believed the involvement in WW1 was a huge mistake.
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| Pearl Harbor events | Surprise attack on U.S. naval base by Japan
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| Why did Great Britain and France declare war on Germany? | Great Britain and France declared war on Germany because Hitler invaded Poland
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| What event caused the U.S. to enter WWII? | The Japanese on Peal Harbor
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| Under what plan did the U. S. provided massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism? | The Marshall Plan
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| Capitalist, Communist, Dictatorial, and Socialist meanings and which countries follow which ideals? | Capitalist: an economic system in which private individuals own and control most of the factors of production; Hong Kong, Singapore, New Zealand, Switzerland, Australia, Ireland Estonia, United Kingdom, Canada, United Arab Emirates, etc.
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| Communist: individual people do not own land, factories, or machinery. Instead, the government or the whole community owns these things; China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, Vietnam, etc.
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| Dictatorial: a person or a small group rules with almost unlimited power; Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belarus, Burundi, Cambodia, Hun Sen, Cameroon, etc.
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| Socialist: a social system or theory in which the government owns and controls the means of production (as factories) and distribution of goods; Armenia, Bolivia, Brazil, Croatia, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greenland, Iceland, Italy, etc.
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| Baby Boom | A temporary increase in the birth rate, especially the one after WW2.
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| Similarities between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War | Both nations feared the other and both of them influenced other nations to share their views
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| Cold War time period | 1947-1999
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| Cuban Missile Crisis | the American discovery of Soviet ballistic missile deployment in Cuba initiated the 13-day confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union
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| A state of tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union without actual fighting | Cold War
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| The war that created divisiveness among Americans throughout the 1960s | The Vietnam War
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| How did women help in WWII | Women helped in WWII, by working in factories, building ships, working in the auxiliary services, etc.
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| What kind of policy did Martin L. King, Jr., and other members of SCLC encouraged? | Nonviolent protest
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| Freedom Riders | Civil rights activists, who rode buses into the segregated south of the U.S. to challenge the non-enforcement of the U.S.
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| Malcolm X | He was a popular figure during the civil rights movement, who was also a Muslim minister and human rights activist.
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| Sit-Ins | a way of protesting, by sitting in a public place, for which you were discriminated against and you wait until your demands are met before leaving,
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| Civil Rights and Martin Luther King, Jr. | Martin Luther King Jr. was the leader of the Civil Rights Movement. Peaceful protests were organized by him, and he was also the head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
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| Vietnamization | US policy of taking out its troops and moving the responsibility and direction of the war effort to South Vietnams' Government
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| McCarthyism | Practice of making accusations of treason with a good amount of evidence
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| The Highway Act of 1956 | This law allowed a 41,000-mile network of interstate highways to be built
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| The two nations divided at the 38th parallel | The line that divided Korea in two, North and South Korea.
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| Watergate | Watergate was a political scandal involving Richard Nixon and led him to resign.
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| How did Truman justified dropping the atomic bomb on Japan? | Truman justified dropping the atomic bomb on Japan by saying it was purely military, and he believed that dropping the bombs saved the Japanese.
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| The Manhattan Project | The first nuclear weapons were produced because of this research and development undertaking during the Second World War.
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