General Biology II - Overview of Animal Diversity
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | consumers
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| show | multicellular, heteroprophic eukaryotes with tissues that develop from embryonic layers
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| show | an organism that feeds by ingesting food then using enzymes to digest said food within food
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| animals are multicellular but lack _______________ | show 🗑
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| show | external proteins help support animal cells and they connect them to one another (ex. collagen)
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| show | tissue
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| most animal reproduce (sexually/asexually) | show 🗑
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| in most animals (haploid/diploid) stage dominates their life cycle | show 🗑
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| show | meiosis
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| show | a diploid zygote is formed
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| after fertilization the zygote undergoes _________________________, which is the rapid succession of mitotic divisions without cell growth between divisions | show 🗑
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| the cleavage of a zygote leads to the formation of multicellular stage called _________________________ (in many animals, this stage takes form of hollow ball) | show 🗑
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| after the blastula stage is a process called __________________, during which layers of embryonic tissues that develop into body parts are produced and results in developmental stage called _______________ | show 🗑
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| life cycles of most animals include at least one ___________________ stage (except humans) | show 🗑
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| show | larva
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| show | metamorphosis
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| show | genes
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| ____________________ are sets of DNA sequences in regulatory genes | show 🗑
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| most animals share unique homeobox-containing family of genes knowns as ____________ genes | show 🗑
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| why are Hox genes are important in ___________ | show 🗑
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| show | sponges
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| there are about __________________ million extant species of animals that have been identified | show 🗑
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| the animal kingdom (is/is not) very diverse and includes coral, cockroaches, and crocodiles | show 🗑
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| the closest living relative of animals seem to be | show 🗑
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| show | Cadherin
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| _________________ are the most generally accepted macroscopic fossils of animals dating from 560 mya | show 🗑
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| show | molluscs; cnidarians
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| show | soft bodied
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| fossils from this time show evidence of ________________ (ex. cloudina fossil with holes bore into its shell frome the attacker) | show 🗑
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| show | a wave of animal diversification about 525 mya, it was sudden and enormous
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| show | bilaterians
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| what are the bilaterians | show 🗑
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| a lot more predator-prey relationships emerged during the __________________ period leading to a decline of soft-bodied organisms | show 🗑
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| Ordovician, silurian, and devonian periods occured after the cambrian explosion with increased animal diversity though punctuated with ________________________ | show 🗑
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| during the ordovician, silurian, and devonian periods ___________________ emerged as the top predators of the marine food chain/web | show 🗑
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| during the ordovician, silurian, and devonian periods ___________________ were the first animals to adapt to terrestrial habitates | show 🗑
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| ______________________ colonized the land around 365 mya | show 🗑
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| name the two type of vertebrates that colonized the land around 365 mya and still exist today | show 🗑
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| show | mesozoic
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| show | dinosaurs emerged during the MESOZOIC Era
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| show | nocturnal insect eaters
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| show | cenozoic era was ushered in by mass extinctions
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| show | cenozoic
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| a _______________ is a particular set of morphological and developmental traits integrated into functional whole-living animal | show 🗑
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| body plan features include | show 🗑
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| show | NOT ALL animals are symmetrical (ex: sponges are not symmetrical)
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| the symmetry of the animal fits __________________ | show 🗑
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| name the two types of symmetry found in animals | show 🗑
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| what type of symmetrical is the human body | show 🗑
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| show | radial symmetry
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| show | bilateral symmetry (right and left)
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| show | the top (think "dorsal fin" on a shark or killer whale)
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| in quadruped animals the ventral side is | show 🗑
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| show | the front
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| in quadruped animals the posterior side is | show 🗑
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| (all/not all) animals have true tissues | show 🗑
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| show | germ layers
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| show | ectoderm and endoderm
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| this germ layer covers the surface of embryo and gives rise to the outer covering in animals, sometimes to nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | endoderms - gives rise to the inner organs such as lungs, liver, and digestive organs
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| when the embryo of an animal has only two germ layers they are said to be _________________ | show 🗑
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| bilaterally symmetrical animals have a third germ layer called __________________ | show 🗑
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| the mesoderm eventually forms into what tissues/organs | show 🗑
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| Cnidrarians are (diploblastic/triploblastic) | show 🗑
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| animal embryos with that include a mesoderm during gastrulation phase are said to be | show 🗑
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| most animals that are triploblastic (will/will not) have a body cavity | show 🗑
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| show | fluid-filled or air-filled space between digestive tract and outer body wall
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| those animals who have body cavities are called | show 🗑
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| a "true" coelum froms from the ______________________ germ layer and animals with a coelum are called _________________ | show 🗑
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| show | pseudocoelum; pseudocoelomates
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| a pseudocoelum (is/is not) a fully functioning body cavity | show 🗑
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| animals that lack body cavities are | show 🗑
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| show | to suspend organs and help prevent internal injury
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| what is unique about an earthworms' coelum | show 🗑
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| show | hydrostatic skeleton
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| show | differences in cleavage, coelum formation, and fate of blastopore
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| show | animals with protostome development undergo SPIRAL cleavage
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| in embryos with spiral cleavage, the planes of cell division is ____________________________________ | show 🗑
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| show | a rigidly cast developmental fate of each embryonic cell very early
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| deuterostome development is characterized by __________________ cleavage | show 🗑
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| embryos with radial cleavage the planes of cell division are __________________________________________ | show 🗑
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| show | when each cell produced early retains capacity to developer into compete embryo
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| I take a cell out of an embryo and the embryo grows into a fully functioning infant animal but does not have a left arm because that cell was taken out of the embryo. this is an example of (determinate/indeterminate) cleavage | show 🗑
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| when developing into the digestive tube it initially forms into a ______________________________ | show 🗑
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| show | solid masses of mesoderm splitting and forming coelum
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| in deuterostome development, the archenteron buds from | show 🗑
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| define a blastopore | show 🗑
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| after archenteron develops in most animals a second opening forms at opposite end of gastrula- mostly becoming two openings of the _____________________ | show 🗑
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| show | blastopore
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| in deuterostome, the mouth is derived from secondary opening and the blastopore forms the ________________ | show 🗑
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| show | all animals DO share a common ancestor
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| sponges are _________________ animals | show 🗑
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| ___________________ is a clade of true animals with true tissues | show 🗑
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| show | Bilateria
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| what are the three major clades of bilaterians | show 🗑
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| show | ecdysozoa
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| this major bilateria clade are known as having lophophore (a crown of ciliated tentacles used for feeding) | show 🗑
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kandriot
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