Lab Study STACK
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smooth membran, tightly adharent to the kidney surface | fibrous capsule
🗑
|
||||
| Portion of the kidney containing mostly collecting ducts | minor calyx
🗑
|
||||
| Portion of the kidney containing the bulk of he nephron structures | medulla
🗑
|
||||
| Superficial region of kidney tissue | cortex
🗑
|
||||
| Basinlike area of the kidney, continuous with the ureter | renal pelvis
🗑
|
||||
| a cup-shaped extension of the pelvis that encircles the apex of a pyramid | minor calyx
🗑
|
||||
| Area of cortical tissue running between the medullary pyramids | renal column
🗑
|
||||
| The kidney is referred to as an excretory organ because it excretes _______ waste | metabolic
🗑
|
||||
| The kidney is a major homeostatic organ because it maintains the (1,2,3)balance of the blood | electrolyte, acid base and fluid
🗑
|
||||
| Urine is continually formed by the ______ and is routed down the _____ by the mechanism of ______to a storage organ called the ______. | kidney's, ureters, circulatory drainage, bladder
🗑
|
||||
| Eventually the urine is conducted to the body _____ by the urethra | exterior
🗑
|
||||
| In the male, the urethra is ___cm and transports ________ and _________ | 20cm, urine and semen
🗑
|
||||
| The female urethra is _____cm and transports only ________ | 4cm, urine
🗑
|
||||
| Voiding or emptying the bladder is called | micturition
🗑
|
||||
| Voiding has both voluntary and involuntary components. The voluntary sphincter is the ________ | External uretral sphincter
🗑
|
||||
| An inability to control this sphincter is referred to as | incontinence
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of the fat cushion that surrounds the kidneys in life? | They hold the kidneys in place
🗑
|
||||
| Define ptosis | When the fatty material surrounding the kidneys is reduced the kidneys are less securely anchored and may drop to a more inferior position
🗑
|
||||
| Why is incontinence normal in a child under 2 yrs of age? | They have not yet gained control over the voluntary sphincter
🗑
|
||||
| What events may lead to incontinence in an adult? | Spinal cord injury, emotional problems, bladder irritability, urinary tract problems
🗑
|
||||
| site of filtration formation | glomerulus
🗑
|
||||
| primary site of tubular reabsorption | promximal convoluted tube
🗑
|
||||
| secondarily important site of tubular reabsorption | distal convoluted tube
🗑
|
||||
| structure that conveys the processed filtrate (urine) to the renal pelvis | collecting duct
🗑
|
||||
| blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubuar cels | peritubular capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| it's inner (visceral)membrane forms part of he filtration membrane | glomerular capsule
🗑
|
||||
| Explain why the glomerulus is such a high pressure capillary bed | arterioles are high-resistance vessels and the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent, the blood pressure in the glomerulus is high for a capillary bed and easily forces fluid and solutes out of the blood into the golmerular capsule
🗑
|
||||
| How does the high pressure condition in the glomerulus aid its function of filtrate formation? | It forces fluid out & blood comp sm than proteins fr the glomerulus
🗑
|
||||
| What structural modifications of certain tubule cells enhances their ability to reabsorb substances from the filtrate? | Microvilli..increases surface area
🗑
|
||||
| Explain the mechanism of tubular secretion & it's importance iin urine formation process | It is the reverse of tubular absobtion and is important for the disposal of substances not in filtrate & is a device for controlling blood ph
🗑
|
||||
| Compare & contrast blood plasma & glomerular filtrate | Both contain glucose, water, salt & nitrogenous waste, however in addition to those, plasma contains Red & White blood cells and blood proteins.
🗑
|
||||
| What is important functionally about the specialized (transitional epithelium) in the bladder? | They have the ability to slide over one another thus decreasing the thickness of the mucosa layer as the bladder fills & stretches to accomodate incr. urine volume
🗑
|
||||
| Explain why urinalysis is a routine part of any good physical exam? | Because finding any abnormal constituents may indicate pathology.
🗑
|
||||
| What substance is responsible for the normal yellow color of urine? | urochrome
🗑
|
||||
| What has a great specific gravity 1 ml of urine or 1 ml of distilled water? Why? | Urine; Because it has dissolved solvents so it weighs more.
🗑
|
||||
| Explain the relationship between color; specific gravity; and volume of urine | Generally, the smaller the volume, the greater the specific gravity (more solutes) and the deeper the color.
🗑
|
||||
| Name three constituents that might be present if a urinary tract infection exists; | White blood cells (pus), Red blood cells and casts
🗑
|
||||
| How does a urinary tract infection influence urine pH? | High protein diet, increased acidity; vegetarian diet, increases alkalinity
🗑
|
||||
| How does starvation influence urine pH? | it becomes acidic
🗑
|
||||
| All urine specimens become alkaline and cloudy on standing at room temperature. Why? | Bacterial metabolism componensts.
🗑
|
||||
| Presence of erythrocytes in the urine is indicative of; | hematuria
🗑
|
||||
| Presence of hemoglobin in the urine is indicative of: | hemoglobinura
🗑
|
||||
| Presence of glucose in the urine is indicative of | glucosoria
🗑
|
||||
| Presence of ketone bodies (acetone & others) in the urine are indicative of | ketonuria
🗑
|
||||
| Presence of pus (WBC's) in the urine are indicative of | pyuria
🗑
|
||||
| What are renal calculi, and what conditions favor their formation? | Typically clled kidney stones, when urine gecomes excessively concentrated, some of it's solutes begin to crystallize.
🗑
|
||||
| Glucose and albumin are both normally absent in the urine, ? | Glucose is reabsorbed by the kidney tubules into the bloodstream; Albumin is too large to fit thru the glomerular filtration membrane.
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition associated with low specific gravity in the urine; | diabetes isipidus
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition associated with high specific gravityin the urine; | diabetes mellitus,gonorrhea, pylonephritis
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s associated with glucose in urine | diabetes insipidus & mellitus, and eating a 5lb box of candy
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s associated with albumin in the urine | glomerulonephritis and pregnancy, exertion
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s assoicated with blood in the urine | cystitis (inflammation of bladder) kidney stones
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition associated with hemoglobin in the urine | hemolytic anemias
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition associated with bilirubin in the urine | hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s associated w/ketone bodies in the urine | cystitis, starvation, diabetes mellitus
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s associated w/casts in the urine | glomerulonephritus, pylonephritis
🗑
|
||||
| Name a condition/s associated w/pus in the urine | cystitis, gonorrhea, phylonephritis
🗑
|
||||
| Name three major nitrogenous wastes found in the urine. | Urea, Uric Acid, Creatine
🗑
|
||||
| Describe organized sediments; | Cell derived elements such as RBC's, pus casts, WBC's bacteria, epethelial cells are organized sediments
🗑
|
||||
| Describe unorganized sediments; | Anythng that isn't a cell; eg crystals, pigment or precipitate from a solution.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
1624980995
Popular Biology sets