HoF quiz 1 (pg 3-15)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| ancient history, the Middle Ages, the modern ages | the three main periods of world history
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| Leif Ericson | landed in North America around AD 1000; supposedly the first European to land on the mainland of North America
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| Bering Strait | how the Indians supposedly got to North America
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| iroquois league of five nations | group of Iroquois tribes that came together; was one of the largest and one of the most civilized groups on the North American continent
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| Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, Cayuga | five tribes in the Tree of Peace
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| Mayas, Aztecs | Indian tribes in Mexico
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| Incas | Indian tribes in Peru
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| feudalism | system under which all aspects of Life Focus on the ownership and use of land
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| manors | large tracts of land in the Kingdom
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| lords | ruled the manors
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| Serfs | peasants who farmed the land and share their produce with the Lord of The Manor
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| Crusades | aimed to remove the Muslims from the Holy Land and reconquer it for Christendom
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| Muslims | the people that the Crusades aimed to remove
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| Reconquista | the specific Crusade that try to drive the Moors from southern Spain
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| Grenada | where the Crusades sought to drive the Moors from
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| middle class | the merchants, Traders, Craftsman, Etc that rose up after the Crusades
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| England, France, Spain, Portugal | the four greatest Nations to emerge in Western Europe
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| nationalism | pride in a Homeland; prompted Kings to sponsor expeditions and inspired explorers to seek wealth, honor, and Glory
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| Renaissance | Revival of learning; "rebirth"; revived the classical literature
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| advances in navigation, movable type printing press, rediscovery of the Bible in Hebrew and Greek | how the Renaissance helped set the stage for the discovery of the new world
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| more accurate Maps, improved Rudders, astrolabe, compass | the advances in navigation brought about by the Renaissance
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| movable type printing press | most important invention of the Renaissance
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| Johann Gutenberg | invented the movable type printing press
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| 1440 | year the movable type printing press was invented
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| Bible | the first book printed on the movable type printing press
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| 1517 | year the Protestant Reformation began
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| Martin Luther | started the Protestant Reformation
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| ninety-five theses | what Luther nailed to the door of the church in Wittenberg, Germany
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| a Revival of biblical Christianity | what the Protestant Reformation brought to all of Europe
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| John Calvin | an important influence on the people who would colonize North America; Protestant reformer
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| Huguenots | John Calvin's followers in France
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| Dutch reformed | John Calvin's followers in Holland
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| Presbyterians | John Calvin's followers in Scotland
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| Puritans | John Calvin's followers in England
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| the desire for new trade routes and advances in the science of navigation | what encouraged Voyages of exploration
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| Prince Henry the Navigator | founded a navigation School
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| caravel | type of ship that Prince Henry designed to sail Against the Wind
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| Bartholomew Dias | reached the Cape of Good Hope at the tip of South Africa; Portuguese
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| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese; sailed all the way around Africa to India
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| Christopher Columbus | discovered America
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| he believed that the Earth was much smaller than it actually is, he underestimated the percentage of the earth covered by water | two incorrect assumptions that Christopher Columbus made
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| King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella | monarchs that after a five-year wait due to the Reconquista sponsored Columbus's trip to the new world
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| 1492 | The year Christopher Columbus landed in America
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| Bahamas | Island Group Columbus and his men landed in
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| San Salvador | actual place Christopher Columbus landed
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| our savior | what San Salvador means
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| Amerigo Vespucci | first to realize that Columbus had discovered a new continent
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| America | what the new world was called in Vespucci's honor
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| line of demarcation | divided the new world between Spain and Portugal
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| Pope Alexander VI | drew the line of demarcation
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| Pedro Cabral | claimed Brazil for Portugal
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| conquistadors | Spanish conquerors that came West to conquer the Indians
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| Ponce de Leon | first Spanish landing on the mainland of North America
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| Vasco de Balboa | discovered the Pacific Ocean
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| Ferdinand Magellan | three-year Voyage around the world
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| Hernando Cortes | conquered the Aztec Indians
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| Montezuma | Aztec Indian chief
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| Tenochtitlan | capital city of the Aztecs
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| Francisco Pizarro | conquered the Incas
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| Cabeza de Vaca | discovered and explored the Southwest US; "Seven Cities of Cibola"
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| Francisco Coronado | discovered the Grand Canyon
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| Hernando de Soto | discovered the Mississippi River
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| Juan Cabrillo | Portuguese explorer that explored the coast of California
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| Estevanico | best known African to join the Spaniards in the New World
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| st. Augustine | The first permanent European settlement in present day United States
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| Presidio | small fort; how st. Augustine started
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| encomiendas | large Estates granted to Spanish colonists by the king of Spain
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| missions | Spanish settlements begun by the Catholics for the Indians
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| El Camino Real | the Kings Highway; oldest Road in the United States
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| Santa Fe | capital of the Spanish settlement in the American southwest
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| San Diego | The first European settlement in California
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| Catholicism | What Spain introduced to America; it is still dominant in Latin America
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| Philip II | controlled more of Earth's surface than any other man in history
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| England | had a rivalry with Spain, Protestant Reformation
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| religious and economic | Two rivalries between Spain and England
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| Queen Elizabeth I | queen of protestant England in the late 1500s
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| Sir John Hawkins | dog that interfered with Spanish trade by smuggling English goods into Spanish colonies in America
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| Sir Francis Drake | Attacked Spanish ships Bound for Spain from the new world and stole their precious Cargoes of gold and silver
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| counter-reformation | Roman churches response to the Protestant Reformation; Philip II excuse to attack England openly
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| 1588 | The defeat of the Spanish Armada
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| Invincible Armada | Would sail up the English Channel, pick up troops from the Netherlands, and invade England
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| Northwest Passage | supposed water route through North America to the Pacific
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| Giovanni da Verrazzano | explored the eastern coast of North America for France
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| Jacques Cartier | discover the Saint Lawrence River
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| huguenots | established charlesfort and Fort Caroline
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| hardships, Spanish hostilities against Protestants | reasons the huguenots settlements in North America failed
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| 1608 | when the first permanent French settlement in the new world was established
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| Quebec | The first permanent French settlement in the New World
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| Samuel de Champlain | father of New France, established Quebec
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| Jacques Marquette, Louis Joliet | a Jesuit missionary and a fur Trader who both explored the central Mississippi River
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| Robert cavelier De La Salle | framed the entire Mississippi Valley for France
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| Louisiana | what La Salle called the Mississippi Valley
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| Canada, the Great Lakes region, and the Mississippi Valley | the regions in New France
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| voyageurs | French traders who traded with the Indian villages
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| Iroquois | tribe of Indians who did not become allies with the French
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| algonquins, hurons | Two tribes that Champlain United to fight the Iroquois
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| Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable | best known Frenchman of African descent in New France
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| most of the French colonists were hunters and Traders with no permanent home, the colonists lacked self-government, they lacked religious freedom, they lacked economic freedom | reasons New France remained sparsely populated
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| New Orleans | best-known city of French heritage in America
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| Rich Heritage | What France left in North America
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