Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password

Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.

midterm 2

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
show ^ 25% ATP & 40% CP stores ^ duration - top speed stays same Enzymes: ^ ATPase 30%, MK 20%, CPK 36% ^ top speed increase  
🗑
Short duration – high intensity: springing 20-60 seconds   show
🗑
show • ^ myoglobin 26% • ^ number 120% & size 40% of mitochondria • Enzymes: ^ TCA & ETC 40% • ^ glycogen storage 2.5x • ^ fatty acid utilization • Greatest ^ Type IIa & Type IIx  
🗑
High resistance strength training – adaptations   show
🗑
show • As activity levels increase, breathing rateincreases to supply more oxygen for increased ATP production • As the work of the muscle increases, more and more ATP get consumed and must be replaced in order for the muscle to keep moving.  
🗑
show • oxygen uptake correlates with increasing speed  
🗑
what is aerobic metabolism?   show
🗑
Incremental phase (O2 Deficit)   show
🗑
what is O2 deficit   show
🗑
show • Energy demand of the exercise is completely met by the aerobic phosphorylation. (O2 demand – O2 Supply)  
🗑
show • Excessive Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption instead of “oxygen debt”  
🗑
Factors responsible for “oxygen debt   show
🗑
why EPOC is than bigger O2 deficit   show
🗑
Difference in VO2 kinetics during a maximal (heavy) and light exercise   show
🗑
show •Trained person will develop smaller O2 deficit and EPOC, due to faster response of aerobic energy transformation system ^ rate-limiting enzymes: Isocitrate, Cytochrome oxidase ^ TCA intermediary synthesis  
🗑
Single stage   show
🗑
show Progressively incremental exercise testing (GXT). The warm up is built into the workout.  
🗑
show Single vs multiple stage  
🗑
Modes   show
🗑
show • maximum rate of oxygen consumption measured during incremental exercise; that is, exercise of increasing intensity. • "V" for volume, "O₂" for oxygen, and "max" for maximum  
🗑
show better predictor aerobic fitness, health-related fitness, and endurance performance in weight–bearing sports and activities.  
🗑
Absolute Vo2 max   show
🗑
Difference between relative and absolute VO2 max?   show
🗑
How do we use this for an index of exercise intensity?   show
🗑
Who has higher Vo2max in different athletes or sex?   show
🗑
Muscle fiber types and Vo2max (%ST and max)   show
🗑
What is anaerobic threshold (OBLA   show
🗑
show Descriptive term without a why or how, just what happens  
🗑
show • Claims that it’s because anaerobic system as underlying mechanism  
🗑
show •OBLA – increased exercise leads to increase blood lactate •Ventilatory- refers to the point during exercise at which the intensity level increases, breathing becomes faster; more steadily first and then more rapid as the intensity increases  
🗑
When does OBLA happen   show
🗑
show -Hormonal stimulating of glycolysis b/c during fight or flight you release a lot of stress hormones that ^ ET -Blood being shunt away from liver and kidney. B/c function of gluconeogenic organs need that blood to bring lactate to them.  
🗑
show  
🗑
Where does vasodilation and constriction occur?   show
🗑
show • Percentage of lactate leaving  
🗑
show  
🗑
show  
🗑
How does training effect OBLA   show
🗑
Difference in healthy person compared to McArdle’s   show
🗑
show The rate of energy expenditure may be measured by measuring the rate of heat liberated by the body during rest or during various physical activities  
🗑
Indirect Calorimetry   show
🗑
What is the Atwater Rossa   show
🗑
show CO2 expired : O2 consumed  
🗑
What do we use R for   show
🗑
show • C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O R = 6CO2 / 6O2  
🗑
show • C16H32O2 + 23O2 = 16CO2 + 16H2O R = 16CO2 / 23O2  
🗑
show • C72H112N2O22S + 77O2 = 63CO2 + 38H2O + SO3 + 9CO(NH2)2 R = 63CO2 / 77O2  
🗑
show • R = Vco2 / Vo2  
🗑
what is energy equivalent of Oxygen?   show
🗑
when do you use energy equivalent of Oxygen?   show
🗑
show the rate of energy expenditure during absolute rest  
🗑
Basal metabolic rates (BMR) test protocol   show
🗑
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) test protocol   show
🗑
show • Weight • Body Surface Area • Age & Gender • Fitness level • Body composition • Genetics • Metabolic disease (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism)  
🗑
What is a Metabolic Equivalent?   show
🗑
show • Used to express the rate of energy expenditure or exercise intensity of various physical activities as multiples of BMR  
🗑
show • Vo2 = weight kg × 1 MET (3.5 ml·kg-1·min-1) × Given MET  
🗑
show = 5.0 Kcal·L-1  
🗑
Estimated rate of E.E   show
🗑
show = Given Resting VO2 × Given MET × 1 E.E. (5 Kcal·LO2-1)  
🗑
show • M.E.(gross) = Work output  Energy input  100 %  
🗑
Energy input   show
🗑
Energy output   show
🗑
show = given Vo2 – MBR in L  
🗑
show = Net o2 consumption × E.E. O2 (4.82 kcal·L-1 )  
🗑
M.E. (Net)   show
🗑
show • Sensory • Integratory • Motor  
🗑
Central Nervous System (CNS)   show
🗑
show Afferent and Efferent neurons  
🗑
SOMA (CELL BODY)   show
🗑
Dendrites   show
🗑
Axon   show
🗑
show contains genetic material  
🗑
show synthesis of proteins  
🗑
Myelin   show
🗑
characteristics of neurons   show
🗑
Electrical & chemical gradients are responsible for what   show
🗑
influx of Na+ means what?   show
🗑
Outflux of K+ means what?   show
🗑
show  
🗑
show . The process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrance is an active transport process involving the hydrolysis of ATP to provide the necessary energy  
🗑
Relative refractory   show
🗑
show - Time elapsed from beginning of stimulation during which another action potential cannot be generated in the cell regardless if stimulus strength.  
🗑
What is the all or non-principle   show
🗑
show When it passes the simulation threshold  
🗑
Eddie currents are responsible for what?   show
🗑
show • The larger is the diameter of an axon the greater is the propagation velocity  
🗑
Why is myelination important?   show
🗑
show Propagation of A.P. trough myelinated axons  
🗑
What does it mean to be frequency coded?   show
🗑
What is a synapse?   show
🗑
show i. Presynaptic terminal ii. Motor end plate iii. Synaptic cleft iv. Basal Lamina v. Quanta  
🗑
show specialized chemical synapses formed at the sites where the terminal branches of the axon of a motor neuron contact a target muscle cell.  
🗑
What do vesicles hold   show
🗑
Quanta   show
🗑
show is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits  
🗑
show voltages which cause depolarization of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction  
🗑
What is the neurotransmitter responsible for activation of the muscle and what does it exactly do   show
🗑
show • Acetylcholinesterase  
🗑
show • stops the signal between a nerve cell and a muscle cell.  
🗑
show • The larger is the frequency of APs arriving to the presynaptic terminal, the higher is the frequency of neurotransmitter vesicle released in the synaptic cleft, the larger is the EPP  
🗑
show inactivates Acetylcholinesterase - Spastic Paralysis – post-synaptic blockade  
🗑
show competitively binds to Ach receptors of Post synaptic membrane - Flaccid Paralysis – post-synaptic neuromuscular blockade  
🗑
How are we graded at the end plate   show
🗑
show Botulinum Toxin???  
🗑
Characteristics of EPP   show
🗑
show • Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity  
🗑
Excitability   show
🗑
Contractility   show
🗑
Extensibility   show
🗑
Elasticity   show
🗑
What does the connective tissue do for the structure and force   show
🗑
What are the three connective tissue   show
🗑
Epimysium   show
🗑
Perimysium   show
🗑
show envelopes each muscle fiber individually  
🗑
What is the tendon and what does it do?   show
🗑
What is a muscle fiber?   show
🗑
Structure component of a muscle fiber?   show
🗑
Sarcosol   show
🗑
show Phospholipid bilayer with imbedded proteins  
🗑
show Cytosol + organelles (nuclei, mitochondria, filaments, endoplasmic reticulum, etc.).  
🗑
What are Myofibrils made of?   show
🗑
How do these changes when contractions occur   show
🗑
show • a segment of a muscle fiber or myofibril located between two adjacent Z-disks.  
🗑
show • in-series (increased range and velocity of contraction) and in-parallel (increased force of contraction)  
🗑
Why do sarcomeres have striations?   show
🗑
The sarcomeres has two myofilaments   show
🗑
show muscle contraction  
🗑
show sarcolemma  
🗑
What is the Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)   show
🗑
show Triads  
🗑
show t-tubules  
🗑
show • Sliding Filament Theory of Muscular Contraction  
🗑
show • the actin and myosin filaments within the sarcomeres of muscle fibers bind to create cross-bridges and slide past one another, creating a contraction.  
🗑


   

Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
 
To hide a column, click on the column name.
 
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
 
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
 
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.

 
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how
Created by: rmart11
Popular Physiology sets