Nervous System
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| Olfactory | sense of smell
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| Optic | vision
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| Oculomotor | movement of eyes and eyelids
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| Trochlear | movement of eyes
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| Trigeminal | mastication
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| Abduces | eye movement
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| Facial | facial expressions
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| Vestibulocochlear | hearing and equilibrium
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| Glossopharyngeal | swallowing and taste
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| Vagus | autonomic motor
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| Accessory | sternocleidomastoid
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| Hypoglossal | tongue
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| Alzheimer disease | progressive dementia
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| Bell Palsy | one side of the face
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| Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | most common brain disorder
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| Shingles | caused by varicella-zoster virus
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| Parkinson Disease | tremors
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| Meningitis | acute inflammation
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| Hydrocephalus | obstruction in the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid
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| Nervous system | CNS and PNS
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| Ganglia | knots of nerve call bodies
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| Afferent Division (sensory) | transmits impulses from peripheral organs to the CNS
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| Efferent Division (motor) | transmits impulses from the CNS out to the peripheral organs to cause an effect or action
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| Neuron | transmits impulses
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| Neuroglia | nerve glue, no nerve impulses , it supports, nourish, and protect
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| Three parts of the neurons | cell body, one or more dendrites, and a single axon
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| Myelin Sheath | white, fatty substance that surrounds an axon
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| Grey Matter | Unmyelinated fibers
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| Nodes of Ranvier | unmyelinated regions between the myelin segments
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| Schwann cells | in the PNS this produces myelin
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| Neurilemma | covering of schwann cells , plays a role in regeneration of nerve fibers
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| Oligodrendrocytes | In the CNS this produces Myelin
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| Synapse | communication between two neurons
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| Neurotransmitter | chemical
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| Reflex | an automatic involuntary response to some change, coughing, sneezing, and reaction to painful stimuli
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| CNS consists of | brain and spinal cord
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| Meninges Three Layers | Dura Mater, Arachnoid, and Pia Mater
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| Dura Mater characteristics | though, white fibrous connective tissue
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| Arachnoid | resembles cobwebs
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| Subarachnoid | space filled with CSF and contains blood vessels
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| Pia Mater | tightly bound to the surface of the brain and spinal cord
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| Cerebrum | largest portion of the brain
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| Longitudinal fissure | divides the brain into two cerebral hemisphere
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| Corpus Callosum | arching band of white fibers
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| Cerebral cortex | outer region of cerebrum, its grey matter makes us HUMAN
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| White Matter | Myelinated nerve fibers that form communication pathways in the cerebrum
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| Diencephalon | Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Pineal gland
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| Thalamus | channels impulses in cortex, discrimination, localization, and interpretation
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| Hypothalamus | homeostasis; regulates many visceral activities
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| Pineal gland | puberty , biological clock
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| Brain Stems three parts | Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla Oblangata
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| Medulla Oblangata 3 Vital centers | Cardiac center, Vasomotor center, Respiratory center
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| Cardiac center | heart rate
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| Vasomotor center | blood pressure
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| Respiratory center | regulates rate, rhythm, and depth of breathing
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| Cerebellum | coordination, posture, and balance the motor area of the brain
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| Ventricles | fluid-filled cavities in the brain
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| Spinal cord | extends from the foramen magnum at base of skull to the first lumbar
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| Ascending tracts | pathways that carry sensory impulses from body parts to the brain
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| PNS divides into | Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system
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| Sensory nerves | afferent fiber
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| Motor nerves | efferent fibers
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| Mixed nerves | both efferent and afferent fibers
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| Cranial nerves | 12 pairs
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| Spinal nerves | 31 pairs
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| Autonomic Nervous System Two parts | Sympathetic division and Parasympathetic division
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| Sympathetic Division | fight-or-flight
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| Parasympathetic Division | ordinary relaxed conditions, brings body back to normal state after emergency
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Created by:
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