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Digestive System Combining Forms

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Combining Form
Meaning
Terminology
an/o   show Perianal-  
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append/o   show appendectomy-  
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appendic/o   appendix   show
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bucc/o   cheek   show
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cec/o   cecum   show
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celi/o   belly, abdomen   show
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show lip   cheilosis- Labi/o also means lip.  
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cholecyst/o   show cholecystectomy- Chol/e = gall, bile.  
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choledoch/o   common bile duct   show
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show colon   colostomy- The suffi x -stomy, when used with a combining form for an organ, means an opening to the outside of the body. A stoma is an opening between an organ and the surface of the body  
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colon/o   show colonic- colonoscopy-  
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show tooth   dentibuccal- odont/o also means tooth  
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duoden/o   show duodenal-  
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enter/o   show enterocolitis- When two combining forms for gastrointestinal organs are in a term, the one for the organ closer to the mouth appears first.  
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enter/o   show entero enterostomy New opening between 2 previously unconnected parts of the small intestine. This is an anastomosis, which is any surgical connection between 2 parts, such as vessels, ducts, or bowel segments (ana = up, stom = opening, -sis = state  
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show another example   mesentery- The double fold of peritoneum that stretches around organs in the abdomen, mesentery holds the organs in place. It lies in the middle (mes-) ofthe intestines, membrane attaching the intestines 2 the muscle wall at the back of the abdomen  
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show another example   parenteral- Par (from para-) means apart from in this term. An intravenous line brings parenteral nutrition directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the intestinal tract . Parenteral injections may be subcutaneous or intramuscular as well.  
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show esophagus   esophageal- Note: Changing the suffi x from -al to -eal softens the fi nal g ( ĕ -s ŏ f- ă -J Ē - ă l).  
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faci/o   show facial  
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show stomach   gastrostomy-  
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show gums   gingivitis-  
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gloss/o   show hypoglossal- Lingu/o also means tongue.  
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hepat/o   show hepatoma- Also called hepatocellular carcinoma.  
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ile/o   show ileocecal sphincter- Also called the ileocecal valve. ileitis- ileostomy-  
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jejun/o   show choledochojejunostomy- An anastomosis. gastrojejunostomy- This is part of a gastric bypass procedure  
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labi/o   show labial-  
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lapar/o   show lapar oscopy A form of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Examples are laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy.  
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lingu/o   show sublingual-  
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mandibul/o   show submandibular-  
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odont/o   show orthodontist- Orth/o means straight. periodontist- endodontist- Performs root canal therapy.  
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palat/o   show palatoplasty- Procedure to repair cleft palate and cleft lip; repair of a cleft palate.  
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show pancreas   pancreatitis-  
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peritone/o   peritoneum   show
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pharyng/o   show pharyngeal-  
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proct/o   show palatopharyngoplasty- Used to treat cases of snoring or sleep apnea caused by obstructions in the throat or nose.  
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pylor/o   show pyloroplasty-  
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show rectum   rectocele-  
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sialaden/o   salivary gland   show
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sigmoid/o   show sigmoidoscopy-  
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stomat/o   mounth   show
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uvul/o   show uvulectomy-  
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SUBSTANCES   show  
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amyl/o   show amylase- The suffi x -ase means enzyme.  
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bil/i   show biliary- The biliary tract includes the organs (liver and gallbladder) and ducts (hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts) that secrete, store, and empty bile into the duodenum  
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show bilirubin (bile pigment)   hyperbilirubinemia-  
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chol/e   gall, bile   show
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chlorhydr/o   show achlorhydria- Absence of gastric juice is associated with gastric carcinoma.  
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gluc/o   sugar   show
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show sugar   hyperglycemia-  
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glycogen/o   glycogen, animal starch   show
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lip/o   show lipoma-  
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lith/o   show lithogenesis-  
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show protein   protease-  
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show pus   pyorrhea- Periodontitis; an advanced stage of periodontal disease (gingivitis).  
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sial/o   show sialolith-  
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steat/o   show steatorrhea- Improperly digested (malabsorbed) fats will appear in the feces.  
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show    
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-ase   enzyme   show
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-chezia   defecation, elimination of wastes   show
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show abnormal condition   choledocholithiasis-  
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-prandial   show post prandial- Post cibum (p.c.), seen on written prescriptions, also means after meals.  
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or/o   mouth oral-   show
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