Boards 3 - EENT Physical exam by regions
Help!
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| Red and swollen nasal mucosa indicates? | Viral Rhinitis (common cold)
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| Pale, blue or red indicates? | Allergic rhinitis
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| Atrophy, sclerosis, crust formation, foul odor of the nasal mucosa indicates? | Atrophic rhinitis
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| Polyps of the nasal mucosa indicates | Middle meatus problem
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| Another name for Hyperthyroidism | Graves
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| Hyperthyroidism signs | Goiter, tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, widened pulse pressure, warm, fine, weight loss, moist skin, fine tremors, exopthalmosis
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| Hyperthyroidism symptoms | Nervous, increased appetite with weight loss, insomnia, increased sweating
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| Hyperthyroidism Laboratory Values | T3 increases most, T4, I^131 uptake normal, decreased TSH
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| Hypothyroidism also known as | Myxedema
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| Graves | Toxic, diffuse goiter
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| Primary cause of hypothyroidism | probably autoimmune, following Hashimoto's
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| Secondary cause of hypothyroidism | failure of pituitary to secrete TSH or hypo-thalamus o serete TRH
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| Primary labs used for hypothyroidism | Increased TSH (high), Decreased T3, T4, Increased Cholesterol
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| Secondary Labs used for hypothyroidism | Decreased TSH; Decreased TRH; Decreased T3, T4; Decreased cholesterol
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| Skin/Hair for primary hypothyroidism? | Coarse, dry, scaly no pigmentation
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| Skin/Hair for secondary hypothyroidism? | Dr, but NOT coarse depigmentation
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| Tongue for primary hypothyroidism | Macroglossia
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| Eyes appearance for primary hypothyroidism? | Periorbital swelling; dropping eyelids; loss of lateral 1/3 eyebrow
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| Breast Appearance in primary hypothyroidism? | Normal
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| Breast Appearance in secondary hypothyroidism? | Atrophic
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| Menstruation in primary hypothyroidism? | Menorrhagia
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| Mensturation in secondary hypothyroidism? | Ammenorrhea
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| Blue skin color of the thorax indicates? | cyanosis
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| clubbing of the fingernails indicates? | Chronic Lung pathology
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| Centered trachea indicates? | normal
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| Lateral displacement of trachea away from lesion indicates? | pleural effusion; pneumothorax
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| Lateral displacement toward the lesion indicates? | atelectasis
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| Symmetry of the chest indicates? | Normal
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| Asymmetrical chest findings indicate? | Scoliosis
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| Barrel Chest findings indicate? | Emphysema
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| Duration of vesicular breath sounds? | Inspiratory longer than expiratory
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| Location of vesicular breath sounds? | Most of lung especially the base
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| Duration of Bronchovesicular breath sounds? | Inspiratory equals expiratory
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| Location of Bronchovesicular breath sounds? | Anterior: 1st and 2nd interspace; Posterior: Between scapula at the lung apex
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| Duration of Bronchial breath sounds? | expiratory longer than inspiratory
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| Location of Bronchial breath sounds? | over manubrium
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| Duration of Tracheal breath sounds? | Inspiratory equals expiratory
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| location of tracheal breath sounds? | over trachea in neck
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| Asthma breath sound? | wheezing
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| asthma percussive note? | Resonant
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| Atelectasis breath sound? | absent
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| atelectasis percussive note? | flat/dull
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| Bronciectasis breath sound? | Rales
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| Bronchitis breath sound? | Rhonchi
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| Bronchitis percussive note? | Resonant
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| Emphysema breath sound? | Wheezing
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| Emphysema percussive note? | Hyperresonant
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| Pleurisy breath sound? | Crackles (friction rub)
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| Pleurisy percussive note? | Resonant
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| Pneumonia Breath Sound? | Egophony, bronchophony, whispered pectoriloquy
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| Pneumonia percussive note? | dull
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| Pneumococcal (Lobar) Pneumonia cough/sputum findings? | Productive/Rusty
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| Pneumococcal (Lobar Pneumonia Organism? | Strep. pneumonia
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| Friedlander's Pneumonia cough/sputum findings? | Productive/current jelly (red)
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| Friedlander's Pneumonia organism? | klebsiella Pneumonia
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| Hemophilus Broncho-pneumonia cough/sputum findings? | Productive/gram neg. coccobacilli
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| Hemophilus Broncho-pneumonia organism? | hemophilus influenza (usually in children)
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| Primary Atypical Pneumonia cough/sputum findings? | Dry/mucoid or mucopurulent
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| Primary atypical pneumonia organism? | mycoplasma pneumonia (most common lung infection 5-35 yr. old
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| Viral pneumonia cough/sputum findings? | Dry/mucopurulent
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| Viral pneumonia organism? | Adenovirus; parainfluenze (failure to find bacteria)
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| Viral pneumonia accompanied by? | headache, fever, myalgia, and cough
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| Pneumocystis carinii organism? | Protozoan (AIDS patients)
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| Cytomegalovirus organism | CMV (AIDS patients)
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| S1 Heart Sound | AV values closing (mitral and tricuspid)
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| S2 Heart Sound | Semilunar Valves closing (pulmonary and aortic)
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| S3 Heart Sound | Venticular Gallop/Protodiastolic gallop
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| S4 heart Sound | Presystolic gallop/Atrial gallop
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| When the venticles contract it is called? | Systole
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| When the ventricles rest (the smaller atria contract) the ventricles are filling, this is called? | Diastole
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| From the Body (deoxygenated blood) travels from? | The Right atrium -> Right Ventricle -> To the Lungs
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| From the Lungs (oxygenated blood) travels from? | The Left Atrium -> Left Ventricle -> To the Body
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| Stenosis murmurs pitch | Low
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| Listen to Stenosis murmurs with? | Bell of Stethescope
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| Description of Stenosis murmur | Valve has trouble opening. Blood swirls through a narrow opening.
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| Regurgitation aka | Insufficiency
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| Description of Regurgitation murur | Valve is insufficient. Blood seeps or squirts back into chamber.
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| Regurgitation pitch | high
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| Listen to regurgitation murmur with? | Diaphragm of stethescope
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| The mnemonic for heart murmurs ARMS occurs in? | Aortic, Regurgitation, Mitral, Stenosis occurs in Diastole
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| The mnemonic for heart murmurs PRTS occurs in? | Puilmonic, Regurgitation, Tricuspid, Stenosis occurs in Systole.
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| Laboratory values with Myocardial Infarction | CPK, SGOT, LDH
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| CPK appears and returns to bormal by when? | appears 3-6 hours, returns to nornmal by 3rd day.
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| SGOT appears and returns to normal by when? | appears 6-8 hours, returns to normal by 4-6 days
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| LDH appears and returns to normal by when? | 10-12 hours, returns to normal after 14 days
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Pulmonary edema? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Nocturnal dyspnea? | left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Exertional dyspnea? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Tachycardia? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with systemic hypertension? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Orthopnea and coughing? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Rales heard at the lung bases? | Left sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with pitting edema | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with ascites? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with cor pulmonale | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with hepatomegaly with portal hypertension? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with jugular venous distention? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with esophageal varices? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Right ventricular hypertrophy? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with Esohageal varices? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with hemorrhoids? | Right sided
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| Which sided heart failure occurs with testicular varicosities? | Right sided
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| P wave results | atrial depolarization
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| QRS complex results | Ventricular depolarization
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| T wave results | Ventricular varicosities
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| Prinzmetal angina (angina pectoris at rest) and pistol shot pulse produce? | Aortic regurgitation
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| Triphasic color change of a localized area due to an arterial spasm. First the area turns white, then blue, and finally the spasm relaxes and the area is red. | Raynaud's Phenomenon
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| Primary Condition seen in the upper extremities of females | Raynauds's Phenomenon
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| Buerger's aka Thromboangitis obliterans age/sex and associated with? | 20-40 year old males, excess tobacco smoking
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| Buerger's aka Thromboangitis obliterans signs/symptoms and orthopedic tests | Intermittent claudication, small arteries of feet and hands, non-healing ulcers and gangren. Orthopedic tests: claudication time, buerger's test
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| Raynauds age/sex and associated with? | >15 yr. females, associated with Buerger's, collagen disease, scleroderma
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| Raynauds signs/symptoms and orthopedic tests? | Arterial spasms; triphasic color change in fingers: white-blue-red. Finger tip ulcers and gangrene. Cold sensitive. Orthopedic tests: Allen's test
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| Aneurysm associated with? | Heart disease cardiovascular disease
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| Aneurysm signs and symptoms | Abnormal widening that involves all 3 layers (defect in elastic-media tissues) DX: ultrasound (size and thickness)
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| Dissecting Aneurysm associated with? | abrupt onset epigastic pain
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| Dissecting Aneurysm signs and symptoms | interruption of the intima allowing blood into the vessel wall with immediate "tearing" pain DX: aortography
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| Dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta associated with? | Marfan's
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| Dissecting aneurysm of the descending aorta associated with? | Hypertension, arteriosclerosis
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| Commencement of pain while walking and disappearance of pain after rest. | Intermittent claudication
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| 2 causes of Intermittent claudication | neurogenic and vascular
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| Neurogenic claudication pattern | not predictable
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| what relieves neurogenic claudication? | position related (lying down with knees bent)
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| what is the common cause of neurogenic claudication? | Degenerative joint disease central canal stenosis
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| Vascular claudication pattern | predictably reproducible
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| What relieves vascular claudication | always with rest
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| What is the common cause of vascular claudication? | arteriosclerosis or Buerger's disease
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| Venous disorders are diagnosed by? | Doppler
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| Signs and symptoms of varicose veins | Incompetent valves, dilated tortuous channels (visible-bluish) Ortho: Homan's
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| Signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis | tenderness, edema, pain Ortho: Homan's
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| Homan's orthopedic test indicates? | deep vein thrombosis
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| homan's procedure and postive test? | Patient leg extended, examiner dorsiflexes foot. Positive test is pain in calf.
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| Perthe's aka tourniquet test orthopedic test indicates? | Deep vein obstruction, common veins are incompetent.
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| Claudication procedure and postive test? | Walk at rate of 120 teps/min for 60 secs. Positive test is pain in calves.
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| Bicycle orthopedic test indicates? | + vascular, - neuro
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| Bicycle test procedure and positive | Pedal fast until painful, rest until painless, repeat. Positive test: pain in calves
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| Stoop orthopedic test indicates? | + Neuro, - Vascular
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| Stoop test procedure and postive | Walking causes pain, stooping or flexing forward relieves it, positive test: pain in calves.
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| RBC increased | Polycythemia vera
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| RBC decreased | anemia
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| WBC increased | acute infection, inflammation, leukemia
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| WBC decreased | overwhelming infection, viral conditions
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| RBC aka | erythrocyte
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| WBC aka | leukocyte
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| Hgb aka | hemoglobin
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| Hct aka | hematocrit
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| Platelets aka | thrombocytes
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| Hgb increased | dehydration, polycythemia vera
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| Hgb decreased | Anemia
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| Hct increased | dehydration, polycythemia vera
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| Hct decreased | Microcytic Anemia
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| Platelets increased | Polycythemia, trauma, blood loss
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| Platelets decreased | Anemia, extensive or severe burns, thrombocytopenia
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| neutrophils associated with? | bacteria; acute infection
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| Lymphocytes associated with? | virus; chronic infection
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| Monocytes associated with? | chronic infection
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| Eosinophils associated with | allergies or parasites
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| Basophils associated with | heparin production
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| neutrophils increased in | bacterial infection; pneumonia
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| Lymphocytes increased in | Mononucleosis; lymphocytic leukemia
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| Monocytes increased in | Hodgkin's
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| Eosinophils increased in | Asthma; worm infections
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| Basophils increased in | Myeloid leukemia
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| Band cells | immature neutraphils (form of wbc)
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| Segs cells | mature cells
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| Shilling shift to the left | increase in band cells and a reduction in segs seen in fulminating infections and acute appendicitis.
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| Acid phos indicates | prostrate carcinoma
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| A/G ratio indicates | Reversal - multiple myeloma, RA
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| Albumin indicates | increased: dehydration; decreased: Nephrosis
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| Alk. Phos | Increased: osteoblastic lesions (bone), Hepatic disease (liver)
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| Amylase/Lipase | Increased: Acute Pancreatitis
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| Ana (FANA) | Collagen disease (SLE, Scleroderma)
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| ASO Titre | Increased: Pheumatic Fever, Acute Glomerulopnephritis
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| Increased direct bilirubin | hepatic disease, duct obstruction
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| increased indirect bilirubin | hemolytic disease, drugs, spleen
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| Increased unconjugated (indirect bilirubin) in the blood causes | increased urobilinogen in the urine
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| Increased conjugated (direct bilirubin) in the blood causes | increased bilirubin the in the urine
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| In normal urine there is a trace of urobilinogen but no | bilirubin
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| BUN increased | kidney disease
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| BUN decreased | liver disease
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| CA increased | (muscle weakness) hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, icnreased vitamin D, metastatic bone disease
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| CA decreased | (muscle tetany) opposite of above
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| Coombs indicates | hemolytic disease
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| CPK (Creatine) increased: | muscle necrosis (skeletal, heart, brain)
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| C-reactive protein increased | tissue necrosis
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| Creatinine increased | kidney disease
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| creatinine decreased | MD
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| Downey Cell indicates | Mono (atypical lymphocyte)
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| ESR increased: | Infection
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| ESR decreased: | Sickle Cell, polycythemia
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| glucose (blood) increased | DM, Cusings, emotional
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| glucose (blood) decreased | overdose, insulin, addison's
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| glucose (CSF) decreased: | meningitis (bacterial)
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| heterophile (paul bunnel) | Mono
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| HCG (pregnancy only) increased | hydatidiform node, choriocarcinoma, seminoma, multiple pregnancy
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| HCG (pregnancy only) decreased | ectopic pregnancies
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| Cholesterol | heart disease
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| ketones (fat metabolism) | diabetic acidosis/starvation
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| LDH increased: | MI, muscular dystrophy
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| Lipids Atherosclerosis increased | Early starvation, DM
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| Lipids Atherosclerosis decreased | Late starvation, Liver disease
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| LE Prep | SLE (most specific test)
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| Mono Test | MONO
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| Phosphorus increased | acromegaly, kidney, hyper D
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| Phosphorus decreased | Rickets, hypo D, hyperparathyroidism
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| Potassium increased: | Addison's, kidney failure
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| Potassium decreased: | Renal disease, insulin,duretics
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| Protein (CSF) increased | meningitis (viral)
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| Protein Increased | MM/diabetiscs acidosis
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| Protein Decreased | Liver disease/Kidney syndromes
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| RA latex increased | In RA, may be absent in Still's
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| RA Latex negative | sero negative arthrities, includes Psoriatic, AS enteropathic, Reiters
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| SGOT (AST) increased: | MI Liver
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| SGPT (ALT) increased: | Liver
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| T3/T4 increased: | hyperthyroidism
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| T3/T4 decreased: | hypothyroidism
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| uric acid increased | Gout/kidney
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| Type and most common cause of iron deficiency | Hypochromic Microcytic, chronic blood loss and pregnancy
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| Appearance of iron deficiency | spoon nails
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| Type and most common cause of acute post -hemorrhagic | Normocytic, rapid massive hemorrhage
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| Type and most common cause of chronic post-hemorrhagic | hypochromic microcytic, iron deficiency
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| Type and most common cause of aplastic | Normochromic Normocytic, panhypoplasia of bone marrow; drugs/radiation
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| aplastic associated with | leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
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| Type and Most common cause of Megaloblastic | macrocytic normochromic, defective DNA synthesis, B12 and Folic acid deficiency
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| Most common cause of B12 deficiency | Lack of IF due to atrophic gastic mucosa; Dx: shilling test (24 hour urine) tx: B12 shots
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| Most common cause of folic acid deficiency | Chronic alcohol abuse; pregnancy; malabsorption
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| Cell type and cause of sickle cell | Howell Jolly bodies, caused by Hgb S
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| Cell type and cause of Thalassemia ("Cooley's Anemia") | Microcytic Target cells caused by decreased synthesis of beta chains
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| Cause of Erythro-blastosis Fetalis | Rh+ father, Rh- mother, Rh+ baby, Fetus neonate
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| Stomach diseases | Ulcer, Gastritis, Chronic Gastritis, Carcinoma
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| Stomach disease laboratory values | Serum: CBC, Iron; Urine: Shilling Test; Stool: Guaiac (occult blood in the stool); X-Ray: Upper GI series
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| Laboratory values for Hodgkins | Reed Sternberg Cell
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| Lab values for Mononucleosis | Monospot Test, Atypical lymphocytes (downey cells), Paul Bunnel = Heterophile agglutination test
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| Lab values for Leukemia | CBC, Bone Marrow aspiration
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| lab values for AIDS | Elisa, Western Blot
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| Lab values for Hemolytic Anemia of the spleen | CBC, Indirect Bilirubin
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| Lab Values for ruptured spleen | CBC
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| Laboratory values of Liver hepatitis viral type A, B, Non A-NonB | Liver enzymes: SGPT, SGOT, GGT, LDH, A/G ration, BUN, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase
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| Laboratory values of Liver Cancer | Alpha fetoprotein, liver biopsy
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| Lab value of cholecystitis | Murphy's sign
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| Lab value of cholelithiasis | cholecystogram
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| Lab values of Pancreatitis (usually alcohol related) | amylase/lipase
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| Pancreatic Cancer usually where? | Head of Pancreas
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| Lab values for diabetes mellitus | FBS2 hr. post prandial glucoseGTTGlycosylated HgbUA (glucosuria)
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| Lab value for duodenal ulcer | Upper GI series, CBCStool: Guaiac
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| Lab value for Regional ileitis (chrohn's , men 15-30) | General: Lower GI seriesGI series: skip lesionsStool: diarrhea
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| Lab values for ulverative colitis (fever) | Stool: bloody diarrhea
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| lab values for irritable Bowel Syndrome | Stool: alternating diarrhea and constipation
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| lab values for appendicitis | CBC, Shilling shift to the left
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| Lab values for Diverticulitis | GI series:outpocketings in descending colon
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| lab values for Carcinoma (most common recto-sigmoid) | Stool: frank blood (painless)
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| lab values for hemorrhoids | Stool: frank blood (painful)
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| Lab values for Cushings (hyper-Adrenalism) | buffalo hump, moon face, hirtsuism
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| Lab values for addison's (hypo-adrenalism) | bronze skin, electrolyte imbalance, confusion
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| Lab values for pheochromocytoma (medulla) | hypertensive crisis, sweating
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| Hyaline casts in urine indicates | Normal
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| RBC casts in urine indicates | Glomerulonephritis
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| WBC casts in urine indicates | pyelonephritis
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| Waxy fatty oval bodies casts in urine indicates | nephrotic syndrome
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| Straw urine color indicates? | Normal
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| Red urine color caused by blood, food pigments indicates what? | Infection, cancer, foods
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| Green urine color caused by Biliverdin indicates? | Biliary duct obstruction
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| Blue urine color indicates? | Diuretic therapy
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| Brown urine color caused by bile pigments, blood indicates? | Biliary duct obstruction, occult blood
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| Black or bownish-black urine color caused by homogenistic acid, urobilin indicates? | ochronosis, hemolysis, bacteria
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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