TDM, toxicology, and tumor markers
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| a blood sample for a trough drug level should be drawn | shortly before drug administration
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| This is not a reason to monitor drug levels | to detect the presence of potential interferences
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| carbamazepine, primidone, and valproic acid are all examples of | antiepileptic drugs
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| Clearance (CL) of a drug is defined as | the rate of elimination by all routes normalized to the concentration of drug in some biological fluids
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| commercially prepared radiator fluid contains a significant amount of | ethylene glycol
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| Depakene or Depakote are proprietary names for | valproic acid
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| diagnostic specificity is defined as | the probability that a laboratory test will be negative in the absence of disease
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| ethanol metabolizes to | acetic
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| ethylene glycol metabolizes to | oxalic acid
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| imipimine is classified as | tricyclic antidepressant
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| in thin layer chromatography, Rf is defined as | the distance traveled by the drug divided by the distance traveled by the solvent
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| in what disorders would the maternal serum level of a1-fetoprotein be elevated | neural tube defect
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| increased serum peak and trough levels of aminoglycosides are often associated with toxic effects to the | kidney
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| ingestion of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is associated with what condition | Reyes syndromes
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| Lead exposure causes an increased blood concentration in what analyte | Zinc-protoporphyrin
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| Levels of 89% carboxyhemoglobin saturation of whole blood are commonly found in | fatal carbon monoxide poisoning
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| methotrexate is a drug used for | management of lymphoblastic leukemia in children
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| phenobarbital is classified as | a sedative and hypnotic
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| salicylism is described as the following | a syndrome associated with tinnitus (a high-pitched buzzing noise in the ears), vertigo, decreased hearing, and occasionally nausea and vomiting
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| screening methods for drug abuse testing requires what characteristic | they must be analytically sensitive
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| what are the four correct pharmacological parameters that determine serum drug concentration | Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
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| THC is the principal active metabolite in what drug | marijuana
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| The pharmacological response of a drug is initiated when the drug is in what form? bound to fatty acids bound to proteins bound to carbohydrates free | Free
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| the production of alpha fetal protein (AFP) in a healthy individual is best reflected by | the production of AFP declines rapidly at birth and healthy adults and children have negligible or undetectable levels in serum
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| the reason that carbon monoxide is so toxic is because | it has 200-250 times the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites
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| urine adulteration test strips are designed to detect which of the following bleach nitrites creatinine all of these | all of these
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| valium and Librium are examples of which of the following classes of drugs benzodiazepines opiates barbiturates amphetamines | benzodiazepines
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| what is the clinical usefulness of measuring carcinembryonic antigen | monitoring for recurrence of colon cancer
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| which molecular form(s) is/are measured by an intact beta-hCG assay? hCG core and "nicked hCG or hCGn the whole molecule only "nicked" hCG or hCGn alpha-hCG and free beta-hCG subunits | the whole molecule
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| which of the following assays is recommended as a screening test for colorectal cancer in persons over 50 y.o. Fecal trypsin AFP BTA Occult blood test | Occult blood test
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| Which of the following biological fluids is the specimen of choice for screening and/or analyzing drugs of abuse? serum whole blood urine CSF | urine
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| which of the following biomarkers are elevated in advanced stages of breast cancer? CA 15-3 and CA549 Total and free PSA CEA and alpha-fetoprotein DUPAN-2 and Gastrin | CA 15-3 and CA 549
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| Which of the following biomarkers is elevated in nonmucinous epithelial ovarian cancer? CA15-3 CA19-9 CA 125 CEA | CA 125
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| Which of the following classes of compounds has a sedative effect and is used to treat anxiety? Amphetamines Opiates Cannabinoids Benzodiazepines | Benzodiazepines
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| Which of the following compounds is a cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmia by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction? digoxin carbamazepine amikacin phenobarbital | digoxin
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| which of the following compounds is an anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures? digoxin acetaminophen lithium phenytoin | phenytoin
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| which of the following compounds is the major metabolite of primidone digoxin thorphylline N-acetylprocainamide phenobarbital | phenobarbital
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| which of the following compounds relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages acetaminophen lithium phenytoin theophylline | theophylline
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| which of the following compounds selectively inhibits proliferation and activation of CD4+T cells Digoxin Beta hCG Progesterone Cyclosporine A | Cyclosporine A
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| Which of the following is FALSE about PSA? It is a single-chain glycoprotein It is used as a tumor marker It is not elevated in benign prostatic hyperplasia It is quantified in serum by immunoassays | It is not elevated in benign prostatic hyperplasia
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| Which of the following is an example of an antiarrhythmic drug that has a metabolite with the same pharmacological action? procainamide phenobarbital quinidine caffeine | procainamine
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| Which of the following is bactericidal for Streptococci, Corynebacteria, Clostridia, Listeria, and Bacillus species? Tobramycin Cyclosporine Vancomycin Methotrxate | Vancomycin
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| Which of the following must be determined to calculate diagnostic specificity? True-negatives, and false-positives True-positives and false-positives true-positives and false-negatives true-negatives and false-negatives | true-negatives and false-positives
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| Which of the following techniques is a definitive means for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs of abuse Thin layer chromatography Gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometry spectrophotometry osmometry | gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
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| Which tumor marker is associated with cancer of the urinary bladder CA 125 CA 19-9 CA50 Nuclear matrix protein | nuclear matrix protein
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