Transcription and Translation
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| What is a gene? | Entire nucleic acid sequence that controls the synthesis of a polypeptide or a functional RNA molecule
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| Describe the three steps of transcription | 1. Initiation: RNA polymerase binds upstream at the promoter. Binding is aided by transcription factors. 2. Elongation: RNA polymerase uses nucleotide triphosphates to copy DNA strands using complementary base pairing. 3. Termination
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| Describe four steps which are necessary to prepare a newly synthesised mRNA molecule for translation | 5' capping, RNA splicng, 3' polyadenylation, export
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| What does redundancy in the genetic code mean? | First two bases of codon are usually the same
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| What is meant by a wobble? | The first two bases of the codon bind tightly and the third is weakly bonded/ does not necessarily have to match
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| How are protein concentrations regulated? | By regulating frequency protein is transcribed, how long mRNA lasts for, frequency mRNA is TRANSLATED and how long protein lasts before degradation
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